Answer: A. 
Explanation:
The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree Celsius is called the specific heat capacity.

Q = Heat absorbed = 4.56 J
m = mass of substance = 123 g
c = specific heat capacity = ?
Change in temperature ,
Putting in the values, we get:


The specific heat of a 123 g substance that requires 4.56 J of heat in order to increase its temperature by 12.32 °C is 
Answer:
(a) Slightly greater than 20.0 °C
(b) 
Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, since we are talking about the equilibrium temperature that will be reached when the copper, chromium and water samples get in contact, the following equation is useful to describe such situation:

Thus, in terms of masses, heat capacities and temperatures we consider the final temperature as the unknown:
In such a way, by knowing that the heat capacities of copper and chromium are 0.386 and 0.45 J/(g°C) respectively, by solving for the equilibrium temperature one has:


Hence, the resulting temperature of water turns out slightly greater than 20.0 °C.
Best regards.
Answer: 2.04L
Explanation:
coldest temperature = -10°C
mass of solvent = 6.50kg
freezing point depression = kb*m
Where kb = molar freezing point depression constant, 1.86
10 = 1.86 * molality of ethylene glycol
10 = 1.86 * moles of ethylene glycol/mass of solvent
10 = 1.86 * moles of ethylene glycol/6.5
10*6.5 = 1.86 * moles of ethylene glycol
Moles of ethylene glycol = 65/1.86
Moles of ethylene glycol = 36.11
36.11 mol * 62.1 g/mol = 2242.43g = 2.24kg
1 L = 1000 mL x 1.11 g/mL = 1100 g = 1.1 kg
2.24 kg / 1.10 kg/L = 2.04 L