Answer:
We have learned that refraction occurs as light passes across the boundary between two media. Refraction is merely one of several possible boundary behaviors by which a light wave could behave when it encounters a new medium or an obstacle in its path.
Answer:
Length, l = 33.4 m
Explanation:
Given that,
Electrical field, 
Let the electrical potential is, 
We need to find the length of a thundercloud lightning bolt. The relation between electric field and the electric potential is given by :

So, the length of a thundercloud lightning bolt is 33.4 meters. Hence, this is the required solution.
Answer:
D.
a control group
Explanation:
In a scientific experiment such as the one above, there is an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group is the group that receives the treatment while the control group does not receive any treatment. The control group helps the researcher to observe if the treatment had any significant effect.
In this case, it will help Alan and Monica to determine if fertilizer X actually had an effect on the plant. Therefore, the pot with o grams of fertilizer in it is the control group.