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butalik [34]
3 years ago
11

Advantages and disadvantages of chemical​

Chemistry
1 answer:
Anit [1.1K]3 years ago
6 0

Answer:

Advantages :they are used for seeing chemical reactions .

they are used for doing chemical experiment .

they are used for making affective medicines .

Disadvantages :they harms to our environment.

they can make side effects in our body by affective medicines made by chemicals.

while doing different unknown experiments they make explosions which can also harm to us.

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What the atmosphere mean
Alex_Xolod [135]
The envelope of gases surrounding the earth or another planet.
3 0
3 years ago
(a) Compute the radius r of an impurity atom that will just fit into an FCC octahedral site in terms of the atomic radius R of t
11Alexandr11 [23.1K]

Answer:

a

The radius of an impurity atom occupying FCC octahedral site is 0.414{\rm{R}}

b

The radius of an impurity atom occupying FCC tetrahedral site is 0.225{\rm{R}} .

Explanation:

In order to get a better understanding of the solution we need to understand that the concept used to solve this question is based on the voids present in a unit cell. Looking at the fundamentals

An impurity atom in a unit cell occupies the void spaces. In FCC type of structure, there are two types of voids present. First, an octahedral void is a hole created when six spheres touch each other usually placed at the body center. On the other hand, a tetrahedral void is generated when four spheres touch each other and is placed along the body diagonal.

Step 1 of 2

(1)

The position of an atom that fits in the octahedral site with radius \left( r \right)is as shown in the first uploaded image.

In the above diagram, R is the radius of atom and a is the edge length of the unit cell.

The radius of the impurity is as follows:

2r=a-2R------(A)

The relation between radius of atom and edge length is calculated using Pythagoras Theorem is shown as follows:

Consider \Delta {\rm{XYZ}} as follows:

(XY)^ 2 =(YZ) ^2 +(XZ)^2

Substitute XY as{\rm{R}} + 2{\rm{R + R}} and {\rm{YZ}} as a and {\rm{ZX}} as a in above equation as follows:

(R+2R+R) ^2 =a ^2 +a^ 2\\16R ^2 =2a^ 2\\ a =2\sqrt{2R}

Substitute value of aa in equation (A) as follows:

r= \frac{2\sqrt{2}R -2R }{2} \\ =\sqrt{2} -1R\\ = 0.414R

The radius of an impurity atom occupying FCC octahedral site is 0.414{\rm{R}}

Note

An impure atom occupies the octahedral site, the relation between the radius of atom, edge length of unit cell and impure atom is calculated. The relation between the edge length and radius of atom is calculated using Pythagoras Theorem. This further enables in finding the radius of an impure atom.  

Step 2 of 2

(2)

The impure atom in FCC tetrahedral site is present at the body diagonal.

The position of an atom that fits in the octahedral site with radius rr is shown on the second uploaded image :

In the above diagram, R is the radius of atom and a is the edge length of the unit cell.

The body diagonal is represented by AD.

The relation between the radius of impurity, radius of atom and body diagonal is shown as follows:

AD=2R+2r----(B)

   In    \Delta {\rm{ABC}},

(AB) ^2 =(AC) ^2 +(BC) ^2

For calculation of AD, AB is determined using Pythagoras theorem.

Substitute {\rm{AC}} as a and {\rm{BC}} as a in above equation as follows:

(AB) ^2 =a ^2 +a ^2

AB= \sqrt{2a} ----(1)

Also,

AB=2R

Substitute value of 2{\rm{R}} for {\rm{AB}} in equation (1) as follows:

2R= \sqrt{2} aa = \sqrt{2} R

Therefore, the length of body diagonal is calculated using Pythagoras Theorem in \Delta {\rm{ABD}} as follows:

(AD) ^2 =(AB) ^2 +(BD)^2

Substitute {\rm{AB}} as \sqrt 2a   and {\rm{BD}} as a in above equation as follows:

(AD) ^2 =( \sqrt 2a) ^2 +(a) ^2 AD= \sqrt3a

For calculation of radius of an impure atom in FCC tetrahedral site,

Substitute value of AD in equation (B) as follows:

\sqrt 3a=2R+2r

Substitute a as \sqrt 2{\rm{R}} in above equation as follows:

( \sqrt3 )( \sqrt2 )R=2R+2r\\\\

r = \frac{2.4494R-2R}{2}\\

=0.2247R

\approx 0.225R

The radius of an impurity atom occupying FCC tetrahedral site is 0.225{\rm{R}} .

Note

An impure atom occupies the tetrahedral site, the relation between the radius of atom, edge length of unit cell and impure atom is calculated. The length of body diagonal is calculated using Pythagoras Theorem. The body diagonal is equal to the sum of the radii of two atoms. This helps in determining the relation between the radius of impure atom and radius of atom present in the unit cell.

7 0
3 years ago
CO<br> +<br> -<br> 02<br> CO2<br> Balance the equation
poizon [28]

Answer:

2co+o2=2co2

Explanation:

co+o2=co2

here is one carbon monoxide and two oxygen react with it and forms carbon dioxide..

2co+o2=2co2

hey mate hope it's help you.. please mark it as a brain.... answer

5 0
2 years ago
Solution (A) contains 0.01 M of NH4Cl; solution
ArbitrLikvidat [17]

Answer:

NH4Cl, NaCl, Ba(OH)2, NaOH

Explanation:

NH4Cl is an acidic salt formed by the neutralization of a strong acid (HCl) with a weak base (NH3). Hence, it will habe a PH<7 (the lowest PH).

NaCl is a neutral salt,formed by neutralization of a strong acid (HCl) with a strong base (NaOH). Hence, it will have a PH of 7.

Ba(OH)2 is a weak base. Therefore, it will have a PH between 8 and 10.

NaOh meanwhile, is a strong base. Therefore, it will have a PH between 10 to 13.

Hence, we have

NH4Cl < NaCl < Ba(OH)2 < NaOH

5 0
3 years ago
PLEASE HELP ASAP!!!!
Kruka [31]
The answer is A! Heat energy is thermal energy. To remember all Energy use M.E.L.T.S!

M- Mechanical energy
E- Electrical energy
L- Light energy
T- Thermal energy
S- Sound energy
8 0
3 years ago
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