Answer:
Explanation:
a) Hardness is a measure of the resistance of a material to permanent deformation (plastic) on its surface,
Hardness tests play an important role in material testing, quality control and component acceptance.
Hardness test are needed to be perform as a <em>quality assurance procedure</em>, to validate materials are according to the specific hardness required,
We depend on the data to verify the quality of the components to determine if a material has the necessary properties for its intended use.
Through the years, the establishment of increasingly productive and effective means of testing, has given way to new cutting-edge methods that perform and interpret hardness tests more effectively than ever. The result is a greater capacity and dependence on "letting the instrument do the work", contributing to substantial increases in performance and consistency and continuing to make hardness tests very useful in industrial and R&D applications.
b)
- <u>Instrumental errors</u>: Instrument calibration is extremely important. An instrument with expired calibration may be generating erroneous data systematically.
- <u>Enviromental error: </u>An example is when surface preparation of the sample to be tested is poor, then the error can be presented when measuring the indentation on the sample to determine the hardness value.
The force between the two point charge when they are separated by 18 cm is 3 N
<h3>How do I determine the force when they are 18 cm apart?</h3>
Coulomb's law states as follow:
F = Kq₁q₂ / r²
Cross multiply
Fr² = Kq₁q₂
Kq₁q₂ => constant
F₁r₁² = F₂r₂²
Where
- F₁ and F₂ are the initial and new force
- r₁ and r₂ are the initial and new distance apart
With the above formula, we can obtain the force between the two point charge when they are 18 cm apart. Details below:
- Initial distance apart (r₁) = 6 cm
- Initial force of attraction (F₁) = 27 N
- New distance apart (r₂) = 18 cm
- New force of attraction (F₂) =?
F₁r₁² = F₂r₂²
27 × 6² = F₂ × 18²
972 = F₂ × 324
Divide both side by 324
F₂ = 927 / 324
F₂ = 3 N
Thus, the force when they are 18 cm apart is 3 N
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Answer:
The force required to begin to lift the pole from the end 'A' is 240 N
Explanation:
The given parameters for the pole AB are;
The length of the pole, l = 10.0 m
The weight of the pole, W = 600 N ↓
The distance of the center of gravity of the pole from the side 'A' = 4.0 m
Let '
' represent the force required to begin to lift the pole from the end 'A' and let a force applied in the upwards direction be positive
For equilibrium, the sum of moment about the point 'B' = 0, therefore, taking moment about 'B', we have
× 10.0 m - W × 4.0 m = 0
∴ × 10.0 m = W × 4.0 m = 600 N × 4.0 m
× 10.0 m = 600 N × 4.0 m
∴ = 600 N × 4.0 m/(10.0 m) = 240 N
The force required to begin to lift the pole from the end 'A', = 240 N.
Average acceleration is the ratio of the change in velocity to the time it takes for that change to occur:
We want to find 
:
Answer:
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