We have to express the ratio 1 : 3.5 in the form p:q where p and q are whole numbers.
Consider the ratio of 1 and 3.5,
1 : 3.5 =
=
Reducing the above fraction to its lowest form.
So, we get
Therefore, the ratio 1 : 3.5 is expressed as
where 2 and 7 are the whole numbers.
You can break large numbers into a sum of a multiple(s) of 10 and the last digit of the number. For example, you can break 26 as 20+6, or 157 as 100+50+7.
Then, using the distributive property, you can turn the original multiplication into a sum of easier multiplications. For example, suppose we want to multiply 26 and 37. This is quite challenging to do in your mind, but you can break the numbers as we said above:
All these multiplications are rather easy, because they either involve multiples of 10 of single-digit numbers: