The process of grouping things based on their similarities is classification
Coal seams are far deep underground to be considered for opencast minings. These coal seams require underground mining. Since it is too deep underground, it can be used for mapping and correlation of sedimentary rocks or as a key bed.
D should be correct....
hopefully this helps you.
The right answer is Fruiting type.
The sporophore (literally "spore carrier"), also called Fruitbodies, is the reproductive system of the so-called superior mushrooms. It is, in popular language, the organ of the "fructification" of the mushroom mycelium. It contains sporocysts (basid and asci) that differentiate in the hymenium and produce spores in various forms. It is present in the mushroom's cap.