Answer:

Step-by-step explanation:
We have 
We are going to analyze  both sides of the equation separately.
Part a: 
Applying common denominator:


Part b: 

In the numerator we can apply common factor 4. And in the denominator we can apply difference of squares.
<em>Remember: </em><u><em>Difference of squares:</em></u><em>  </em>
</em>

Then,

An extraneous solution is <em>not a valid solution for a problem. </em>We know that the denominator can't be zero.
The denominator of the first side of the equation is:
 and we have to see for which values of
 and we have to see for which values of  the denominator is zero:
 the denominator is zero:
 ⇒
 ⇒  and
 and 
The denominator of the second side of the equation is:

And we have to see for which values of  the expression is zero,
 the expression is zero,
 ⇒
 ⇒  and
 and 
Then the extraneous solutions of the equation are:

Because those are the values of  that make the denominator zero.
  that make the denominator zero.