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artcher [175]
3 years ago
9

(a) (1)

Chemistry
1 answer:
Elis [28]3 years ago
8 0

Explanation:

The ionization energy of an atom is the amount of energy that is required to remove an electron from a mole of atoms in the gas phase:

M(g)  ®  M+(g)  +  e-

It is possible to remove more electrons from most elements, so this quantity is more precisely known as the first ionization energy, the energy to go from neutral atoms to cations with a 1+ charge.  The second ionization energy is the energy that is required to remove a second electron, to form 2+ cations from 1+ cations:

M+(g)  ®  M2+(g)  +  e-

The third ionization energy is the energy required to form 3+ cations:

M2+(g)  ®  M3+(g)  +  e-

and so on.  Ionization energies are always positive numbers, because energy must be supplied (an endothermic energy change) to separate electrons from atoms.  The second ionization energy is always larger than the first ionization energy, because it requires even more energy to remove an electron from a cation than it is from a neutral atom.

The first ionization energy varies in a predictable way across the periodic table.  The ionization energy decreases from top to bottom in groups, and increases from left to right across a period.  Thus, helium has the largest first ionization energy, while francium has one of the lowest.

From top to bottom in a group, orbitals corresponding to higher values of the principal quantum number (n) are being added, which are on average further away from the nucleus.  Since the outermost electrons are further away, they are less strongly attracted by the nucleus, and are easier to remove, corresponding to a lower value for the first ionization energy.From left to right across a period, more protons are being added to the nucleus, but the number of electrons in the inner, lower-energy shells remains the same.  The valence electrons feel a higher effective nuclear charge — the sum of the charges on the protons in the nucleus and the charges on the inner, core electrons.  The valence electrons are therefore held more tightly, the atom decreases in size (see atomic radius), and it becomes increasingly difficult to remove them, corresponding to a higher value for the first ionization energy.

 

The following charts illustrate the general trends in the first ionization energy:

Dunno kung tama beng pero trysorry kung mali

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A scientist measures the speed of sound in a monatomic gas to be 449 m/s at 20∘C. What is the molar mass of this gas?
Ivan

Answer:

The molar mass of the gas is 36.25 g/mol.

Explanation:

  • To solve this problem, we can use the mathematical relation:

ν = \sqrt{3RT/M}

Where, ν is the speed of light in a gas <em>(ν = 449 m/s)</em>,

R is the universal gas constant <em>(R = 8.314 J/mol.K)</em>,

T is the temperature of the gas in Kelvin <em>(T = 20 °C + 273 = 293 K)</em>,

M is the molar mass of the gas in <em>(Kg/mol)</em>.

ν = \sqrt{3RT/M}

(449 m/s) = √ (3(8.314 J/mol.K) (293 K) / M,

<em>by squaring the two sides:</em>

(449 m/s)² = (3 (8.314 J/mol.K) (293 K)) / M,

∴ M = (3 (8.314 J/mol.K) (293 K) / (449 m/s)² = 7308.006 / 201601 = 0.03625 Kg/mol.

<em>∴ The molar mass of the gas is 36.25 g/mol.</em>


7 0
3 years ago
In the reaction FeCl2 + 2NaOH -&gt;Fe(OH)2(s) + 2NaCl, if 6 moles of FeCl2 are added to 6 moles of Na0H, how many moles of NaOH
pogonyaev

Answer : The correct option is, (B) 6 mole

Explanation :

Given moles of FeCl_2 = 6 moles

Given moles of NaOH = 6 moles

First we have to calculate the limiting and excess reagent.

The balanced chemical reaction is,

FeCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Fe(OH)_2+2NaCl

From the given balanced reaction, we conclude that

As, 1 moles of FeCl_2 react with 2 moles of NaOH

So, 6 moles of FeCl_2 react with \frac{2}{1}\times 6=12 moles of NaOH

From this we conclude that, FeCl_2 is an excess reagent and NaOH is a limiting reagent because the given moles are less than the required moles and it limits the formation of product.

Thus, the number of moles of NaOH used up in the reaction = Required moles of NaOH - Given moles of NaOH

The number of moles of NaOH used up in the reaction = 12 - 6 = 6 moles

Therefore, the number of moles of NaOH used up in the reaction will be, 60 moles

4 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
HELP! THIS IS A TIMED QUIZ!!
ivanzaharov [21]

Answer:

A) Age!! Its because even if the object was 1 year old or 100 years old, nothing about the impact would change. However, those other categories depict features that would definitely make an impact. For example as object that is big, fast, and hits at an angle perpendicular to whatever it is moving towards, the impact will be very lage. But if its the opposite and it was small and slow, then the impact crater would not be as large. Good luck on your quiz!!

5 0
2 years ago
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<u>The troposphere: </u>

H. This layer can have thunderstorms or clear, sunny skies.

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G. Winds are strong and steady in this layer. 

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D. This layer is where most meteor showers occur. 

<u>The thermosphere :</u>

F. It contains the ionosphere and exosphere. 

C. It contains layers of single, unmixed gas. 

<u>Explanation:</u>

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Four molecules have carbon as the central atom and hydrogen atoms around it. The shape that would give rise to a polar molecule is a bent shape. <span>The bent shape will not be symmetrical which will result to being polar. Hope this answers the question.</span>
7 0
3 years ago
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