In terms of physically observing it, if the substance is a lions based substance, like oil or margarine, depending on the state, this will inform how well the hydrocarbons can pack together well or not, or will there be bends in the ring preventing the molecules from packing well.
Liquids are unsaturated
Solids are saturated.
Hydrofluoric acid is a solution of hydrogen fluoride (HF) in water. Solutions of HF are colourless, acidic and highly corrosive. It is used to make most fluorine-containing compounds; examples include the commonly used pharmaceutical antidepressant medication fluoxetine (Prozac) and the material PTFE (Teflon).
In an ionic compound the atoms are linked via ionic bonds. These are formed by the transfer of electrons from one atom to the other. The atom that loses electrons gains a positive charge whereas the atom that accepts electrons gains a negative. This happens in accordance with the octet rule wherein each atom is surrounded by 8 electrons
In the given example:
The valence electron configuration of Iodine (I) = 5s²5p⁵
It needs only one electron to complete its octet.
In the given options:
K = 4s¹
C = 2s²2p²
Cl = 3s²3p⁵
P = 3s²3p³
Thus K can donate its valence electron to Iodine. As a result K, will gain a stable noble gas configuration of argon while iodine would gain an octet. This would also balance the charges as K⁺I⁻ creating a neutral molecule.
Ans: Potassium (K)
