The carnot cycle attempts to model the most efficient possible process by avoiding irreversible processes.
In essence, the Carnot cycle is a reversible cycle made up of four other reversible processes. A reversible process is one that can be thought of as consisting of a sequence of equilibrium stages because it is carried out endlessly slowly.
Essentially, this means that any reversible cycle can be performed in reverse and that the amount of work or heat exchanged along the forward and backward pathways is the same.
It goes without saying that such reversible processes are not possible because they would take an unlimited amount of time. Therefore, the Carnot Engine is described as an idealized heat engine that uses the Carnot Cycle, a reversible cycle.
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Answer:
d
Explanation:
d because the sun is in the center and everything else surrounds it
Answer:
E_total = 3 N / A
Explanation:
The electric field is a vector magnitude so when adding we must use vectors, in this case as the initial field E = 4N / c goes towards the axis axis and the field created by the fixed charge (E1) is also on the axis x we can add in scalar form.
E_total = E + E₁
the expression for the field of a point charge is
E₁ = k q₁ / r²
for the point x = 2m, they do not say that the total field is zero, so the charge q1 must be negative
E_total = E -k q₁ / r₂
we substitute
0 = E - k q₁ / r²
q₁ = 
let's calculate
q₁ = 
q₁ = 1.78 10⁻⁹ C
now we can calculate the field for position x = 4 m
E_total = 4 - 9 10⁹ 1.78 10⁻⁹ / 4²2
E_total = 3 N / A
