radiation
when the suns radiation fall on the earth and its objects they receive heat energy and hence get heated. Thus the suns heat reaches the earth by. the process of radiation
 
        
             
        
        
        
Answer:
C. Waves transfer energy, but not matter.
Explanation: hope this helps :)
 
        
             
        
        
        
Answer:
<em>a) below the observed position</em>
<em>b) directly at the observed position</em>
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Explanation:
If I'm standing on the bank of a stream, and I wish to spear a fish swimming in the water out in front of me, I would aim below the observed fish to make a direct hit. This is because the phenomenon of refraction of light in water causes the light coming from the fish is refract away from the normal as it passes  into the air and into my eyes. 
If I'm to zap the fish with a taser, I would aim directly at the observed fish because the laser (a form of concentrated light waves) will refract into the water, taking the same path the light from the fish took to get to my eyes.
 
        
             
        
        
        
Denser materials tend to be closer to earths center due to their mass gravity is shown by the equation mg 
Which stands for mass x gravity.
        
             
        
        
        
Answer:
A. The upward pressure gradient force is balanced by gravity.
Explanation:
A. is correct because the pressure difference is actually generated by gravity. As in the following formula for the pressure at different points:

where  are the pressure at 2 points, ρ is the density of the fluid, g is the gravitational constant, and h is the height difference.
 are the pressure at 2 points, ρ is the density of the fluid, g is the gravitational constant, and h is the height difference.
B is incorrect because friction in air is too small to make an effect.
C is incorrect because the Coriolis force is horizontal, not vertical.
D is incorrect because a difference of 500 hPa = 50000 Pa, this is half of the atmospheric pressure.
E is incorrect because temperature cannot generate force.