Answer: C). prolong the effect of epinephrine by maintaining elevated cAMP levels in the cytoplasm
Explanation: In the epinephrine pathway, binding of epinephrine to its receptor triggers a conformational change in the receptor and the interaction of the receptor with its associated Gs protein. This interaction causes the replacement of GDP bound to Gs protein with GTP thus activating the Gs protein. The activation of the Gs protein causes the alpha subunit of the Gs protein to dissociate and move to adenylyl cyclase, another membrane protein in the pathway. The association of the alpha subunit of the Gs protein with adenylyl cyclase activates adenylyl cyclase which in turn catalyzes the synthesis of cyclic AMP (cAMP) a second messenger. cAMP is quickly degraded to 5'-AMP by an enzyme phosphodiesterase. Inhibition of the activity of phosphodiesterase will increase the half life and the cytoplasmic level of cAMP thus potentiating the action of epinephrine.
Observational learning is also known as social learning theory.
<h3>What is observational learning?</h3>
Observational learning is to the process of learning by the watching the behaviors of the others. The targeted to the behavior is watched, memorized, and then it is mimicked. Also known as the shaping and modeling, observational learning is to the most common in to the children as they imitate by the behaviors of adults.
Observational learning, also this is called social learning theory, occurs when an observer's behavior of changes after viewing the behaviour of any components. An observer's of the behavior can be defined and affected by the + or - consequences--called by the vicarious and reinforcement or vicarious of the punishment-- of a model's behaviour.
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