Answer:
Acids have a high concentration of [H⁺] ions
Explanation:
In order to know about the acids, a solution is acidic when pH < 7
As pH is lower than 7, the pOH > 7
When pH = 7, solution is neutral
When pH is greater than 7, solution is basic
pH = - log [H⁺]
pOH = - log [OH⁻]
Imagine a solution of pure HCl 0.2 M
HCl → H⁺ + OH⁻
[H⁺] = 0.2 M → pH = - log 0.2 → 0.69
pH + pOH = 14
pOH = 14 - 0.69 = 13.31
10^-pOH = [OH⁻] → 10⁻¹³°³¹ = 4.89ₓ10⁻¹⁴
In conclussion [H⁺] > [OH⁻]
Answer:
15.75 grams of HNO3 was used and dissolved in 2.5 liters of solvent, to make a 0.10 M solution
Explanation:
Step 1: Data given
Nitric acid = HNO3
Molar mass of H = 1.01 g/mol
Molar mass of N = 14.0 g/mol
Molar mass O = 16.0 g/mol
Number of moles nitric acid (HNO3) = 0.25 moles
Molairty = 0.10 M
Step 2: Calculate molar mass of nitric acid
Molar mass HNO3 = Molar mass H + molar mass N + molar mass (3*O)
Molar mass HNO3 = 1.01 + 14.0 + 3*16.0
Molar mass HNO3 = 63.01 g/mol
Step 3: Calculate mass of solute use
Mass HNO3 = moles HNO3 * molar mass HNO3
Mass HNO3 = 0.25 moles * 63.01 g/mol
Mass HNO3 = 15.75 grams
15.75 grams of HNO3 was used and dissolved in 2.5 liters of solvent, to make a 0.10 M solution
ΔG > 0
is always true for the freezing of water.
Explanation:
- The freezing of water is only spontaneous when the temperature is fairly small. Over 273 K, the higher value of TΔS causes the sign of ΔG to be positive, and there is no freezing point.
- The entropy decreases as water freezes. This does not infringe the Thermodynamics second law. The second law doesn't suggest entropy will never diminish anywhere.
- Entropy will decline elsewhere, provided it increases by at least as much elsewhere.
