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Answer:
336.6 grams of CO₂ and 183.6 grams of H₂O are formed from 2.55 moles of propane.
Explanation:
In this case, the balanced reaction is:
C₃H₈ + 5 O₂ → 3 CO₂ + 4 H₂O
By stoichiometry of the reaction (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of reactant and product participate in the reaction:
- C₃H₈: 1 mole
- O₂: 5 moles
- CO₂: 3 moles
- H₂O: 4 moles
Being the molar mass of each compound:
- C₃H₈: 44 g/mole
- O₂: 16 g/mole
- CO₂: 44 g/mole
- H₂O: 18 g/mole
Then, by stoichiometry, the following quantities of mass participate in the reaction:
- C₃H₈: 1 mole* 44 g/mole= 44 grams
- O₂: 5 moles* 16 g/mole= 80 grams
- CO₂: 3 moles* 44 g/mole= 132 grams
- H₂O: 4 moles* 18 g/mole= 72 grams
So you can apply the following rules of three:
- If by stoichiometry 1 mole of C₃H₈ forms 132 grams of CO₂, 2.55 moles of C₃H₈ how much mass of CO₂ will it form?
mass of CO₂= 336.6 grams
- If by stoichiometry 1 mole of C₃H₈ forms 72 grams of H₂O, 2.55 moles of C₃H₈ how much mass of H₂O will it form?
mass of H₂O= 183.6 grams
<u><em>336.6 grams of CO₂ and 183.6 grams of H₂O are formed from 2.55 moles of propane.</em></u>
The given reaction is
An element can exist in 2 or more different forms which have totally different chemical and physical properties. They are known an allotropes.
Diamond and Graphite are allotropic forms of carbon. In the given reaction, diamond is changing to graphite and we have to find out the standard free energy of this reaction. This will help us to find out whether this reaction is spontaneous at 298 K or not.
The following data is needed for calculations which is taken from standard reference table.
Step 1: Find ΔH⁰ rxn for the given reaction.
The formula to calculate ΔH⁰ rxn is given below.
We have graphite on product side and diamond on reactant side.
Therefore,
Let us plug in the values given above.
ΔH⁰ rxn for the given reaction is -1.895 kJ/mol
Step 2 : Find ΔS⁰ rxn for the given reaction.
The formula to calculate ΔS⁰ rxn is
Let us convert this to kJ.
ΔS⁰ rxn for the given reaction is 3.403 x 10⁻³ kJ/mol.K
Step 3: Find standard free energy ΔG⁰ rxn.
ΔG⁰ rxn for the given reaction is calculated as
We have T = 298 K. Let us plug in the calculated values of ΔH⁰ rxn and ΔS⁰ rxn.
The standard free energy change for the given reaction is -2.909 kJ/mol
The negative value of delta G⁰ suggests that the given reaction is spontaneous at room temperature. That means diamond will slowly convert to graphite. The speed of this reaction is extremely slow, but yet the reaction is taking place. So over a period of time diamond will become graphite.
Therefore "Diamond is forever" is not true as it is going to get converted to graphite.
Answer: 16700 Joules
Explanation:
The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree Celsius is called the specific heat capacity.
Q = Heat absorbed = ?
m = mass of sand = 2 kg
c = heat capacity =
Initial temperature = =
Final temperature= =
Change in temperature ,
Putting in the values, we get:
16700 J of energy must be added to a 2-kilogram pile of it to increase its temperature from 40°C to 50°C