Explain how the electron was discovered.
1 answer:
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In general, we have this rate law express.:
![\mathrm{Rate} = k \cdot [A]^x [B]^y](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cmathrm%7BRate%7D%20%3D%20k%20%5Ccdot%20%5BA%5D%5Ex%20%5BB%5D%5Ey)
we need to find x and y
ignore the given overall chemical reaction equation as we only preduct rate law from mechanism (not given to us).
then we go to compare two experiments in which only one concentration is changed
compare experiments 1 and 4 to find the effect of changing [B]
divide the larger [B] (experiment 4) by the smaller [B] (experiment 1) and call it Δ[B]
Δ[B]= 0.3 / 0.1 = 3
now divide experiment 4 by experient 1 for the given reaction rates, calling it ΔRate:
ΔRate = 1.7 × 10⁻⁵ / 5.5 × 10⁻⁶ = 34/11 = 3.090909...
solve for y in the equation![\Delta \mathrm{Rate} = \Delta [B]^y](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5CDelta%20%5Cmathrm%7BRate%7D%20%3D%20%5CDelta%20%5BB%5D%5Ey)
To this point,![\mathrm{Rate} = k \cdot [A]^x [B]^1](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cmathrm%7BRate%7D%20%3D%20k%20%5Ccdot%20%5BA%5D%5Ex%20%5BB%5D%5E1%20)
do the same to find x.
choose two experiments in which only the concentration of B is unchanged:
Dividing experiment 3 by experiment 2:
Δ[A] = 0.4 / 0.2 = 2
ΔRate = 8.8 × 10⁻⁵ / 2.2 × 10⁻⁵ = 4
solve for x for![\Delta \mathrm{Rate} = \Delta [A]^x](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5CDelta%20%5Cmathrm%7BRate%7D%20%3D%20%5CDelta%20%5BA%5D%5Ex)
the rate law is
Rate = k·[A]²[B]
we need to find x and y
ignore the given overall chemical reaction equation as we only preduct rate law from mechanism (not given to us).
then we go to compare two experiments in which only one concentration is changed
compare experiments 1 and 4 to find the effect of changing [B]
divide the larger [B] (experiment 4) by the smaller [B] (experiment 1) and call it Δ[B]
Δ[B]= 0.3 / 0.1 = 3
now divide experiment 4 by experient 1 for the given reaction rates, calling it ΔRate:
ΔRate = 1.7 × 10⁻⁵ / 5.5 × 10⁻⁶ = 34/11 = 3.090909...
solve for y in the equation
To this point,
do the same to find x.
choose two experiments in which only the concentration of B is unchanged:
Dividing experiment 3 by experiment 2:
Δ[A] = 0.4 / 0.2 = 2
ΔRate = 8.8 × 10⁻⁵ / 2.2 × 10⁻⁵ = 4
solve for x for
the rate law is
Rate = k·[A]²[B]