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mario62 [17]
2 years ago
10

Which substance would evaporate the fastest at room temperature? (Assume each substance has approximately the same molecular

Chemistry
1 answer:
lutik1710 [3]2 years ago
3 0

Answer:

A non-polar liquid.

Explanation:

Whether a substance dissolves quickly or not depends on how strongly the molecules (or atoms of an element) of a substance are attracted to one another. These interactions between atoms and/or molecules are called intermolecular forces, or IMFs for short. There are several different ones, and these are distinguished from <em>intra</em>molecular forces which are the bonds holding atoms in the molecule together. Attached is a nice little summary of these forces to consider. Our decision lies within the fact that we must pick the substance that experiences the strongest IMF (the one with the most energy). As it turns out, a dipole in a molecule confers some charge distribution on the molecule which makes slightly positive and negative ends. These can attract each other, and it's called dipole-dipole interactions. It can technically happen in a mixture, but let's assume we're dealing with pure substances. Dipoles can only form in polar compounds however, so a non-polar liquid (which is composed of non-polar molecules), will lack these dipoles and therefore cannot form dipole-dipole interactions between the molecules. This results in only having something called dispersion forces (which really every molecule attraction has - so this is the only one). It is very weak, and since the attraction between these molecules is weak, they will tend to come apart, and evaporate. You can think of the IMFs like glue, and a weak glue will not hold the molecules together well, and they will evaporate away.

On the other hand, polar (from dipole interactions) compounds can have general dipole-dipole interactions or hydrogen-bonding interactions (which is a special type of dipole-dipole interaction). H-bonding requires a Hydrogen bonded to either a Nitrogen, Oxygen, or Fluorine to do this. The main thing, is the non-polar ones don't have a dipole, and so they can't form a good intermolecular bond and evaporate quickly.

Water can H-bond, which is why it takes so long to dry and for it to evaporate in general. Nail polish, which is really a solution of acetone, has considerably weaker dipole-dipole bonds (compared to H-bonds), and evaporates quicker than water. Hope this helps!

Note: Figure taken from Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change 8th edition.

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Titanium has five common isotopes: 46Ti (8.0%), 47Ti (7.8%), 48Ti (73.4%), 49Ti (5.5%), 50Ti (5.3%). What is the average atomic
NNADVOKAT [17]

Hey there!:

Isotopes :                          abundance :

46 Ti                                       8.0%

47 Ti                                        7.8 %

48 Ti                                      73.4 %

49 Ti                                       5.5 %

50 Ti                                         5.3 %

Weighted average =   ∑ Wa * % / 100

Therefore:

( 46 * 8.0) + (47 * 7.8 ) + (48 * 73.4 ) + ( 49 * 5.5 ) + ( 50*5.3 ) / 100 =

4792.3 / 100

= 47.923 a.m.u


       Hope that helps!

7 0
3 years ago
Given 6.98 x 10 4 power grams of iron, calculate the moles of iron present
KiRa [710]

Answer:

1249.88 mol.

Explanation:

∵ no. of moles of Fe = mass of Fe/atomic weight of Fe.

<em>∴ no. of moles of Fe </em>= (6.98 x 10⁴ g)/(55.845 g/mol) = <em>1249.88 mol.</em>

6 0
2 years ago
What is the smallest part of an element that has all the properties of that element?
kherson [118]
The smallest participle of an element is called an atom
7 0
3 years ago
What is the molar mass of a gas if 0.281 g of the gas occupies a volume of 125 ml at a temperature 126 °c and a pressure of 777
AleksAgata [21]
<em>Answer :</em> 72.05 g/mol
<span>
<em>Explanation : </em>

Let's </span>assume that the given gas is an ideal gas. Then we can use ideal gas equation,<span>
PV = nRT<span>
</span>
Where, 
P = Pressure of the gas (Pa)
V = volume of the gas (m³)
n = number of moles (mol)
R = Universal gas constant (8.314 J mol</span>⁻¹ K⁻¹)<span>
T = temperature in Kelvin (K)
<span>
The given data for the gas </span></span>is,<span>
P = 777 torr = 103591 Pa
V = </span>125 mL = 125 x 10⁻⁶ m³<span>
T = (</span>126 + 273<span>) = 399 K
R = 8.314 J mol</span>⁻¹ K⁻¹<span>
n = ?

By applying the formula,
103591 Pa x  </span>125 x 10⁻⁶ m³ = n x 8.314 J mol⁻¹ K⁻¹ x 399 K<span>
                                          n = 3.90 x 10</span>⁻³<span> mol

</span>Moles (mol) = mass (g) / molar mass (g/mol)<span>

Mass of the gas = </span><span>0.281 g
</span>Moles of the gas = 3.90 x 10⁻³ mol
<span>Hence,
   molar mass of the gas = mass / moles
                                          = 0.281 g / </span>3.90 x 10⁻³ mol
<span>                                          = 72.05 g/mol

</span>
7 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
The average speed of oxygen molecules in air is about ____. (1 point) 0 km/h 170 km/h 1700 km/h 17,000 km/h
LenKa [72]

The average speed is calculated using the following formulaspeed = \sqrt{\frac{3kT}{m} }


Where

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T = 298 K [room temperature]

m = mass of each molecule of oxygen

mass of one mole of oxygen molecules = 32 g / mol

mass of one molecule of oxygen will be = \frac{32}{6.023 X 10^{23} }

mass of one molecule of oxygen will be = 5.31 X 10^{-23} g = 5.31 X 10^{-26} kg

putting values

average speed = \sqrt{\frac{3 X 1.381 X  10^{-23} X 298}{5.31 X 10^{-26} kg} }

Average speed = 482.19 m / s

average speed = 1735.8 km / h

so approx = 1700 km/h

4 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
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