To solve this problem it is necessary to apply the law of Malus which describes the change in the Intensity of Light when it crosses a polarized surface.
Mathematically the expression is given as
Where,
= Initial Intensity
I = Final Intensity after pass through the polarizer
= Angle between the polarizer and the light
Since it is sought to reduce the intensity by half the relationship between the two intensities will be given as
Using the Malus Law we have,
Angle with respect to maximum is 
d. fishing
The other options all directly affect algal bloom production because they affect the nutrients in the water, and an overabundance of certain nutrients in the water is what causes algal bloom.
The magnitude of the sum of the frictional forces acting on the bike and its rider is 400N.
<h3>What is friction force?</h3>
The friction force is the opposing force which acts on the object which is in relative motion.
The driving force is equal and opposite to the friction force acting between road and bicycle.
Friction force = 400N
The friction force between rider and bike is zero.
So the magnitude of sum of friction force = 400N +0 = 400N
Thus, the magnitude of the sum of the frictional forces acting on the bike and its rider.
Learn more about friction force.
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