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Cerrena [4.2K]
3 years ago
15

What conditions must be present for a translational and rotational equilibrium of a rigid body?

Physics
1 answer:
zheka24 [161]3 years ago
5 0
If a rigid body is in translational and rotational equilibrium, then
1. The sum of all applied forces is zero.
2. The sum of all applied moments is zero.
3. There is no linear acceleration.
4. There is no rotational acceleration.

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An electron moving to the left at 0.8c collides with a photon moving to the right. After the collision, the electron is moving t
SVETLANKA909090 [29]

Answer:

Wavelength = 2.91 x 10⁻¹² m, Energy = 6.8 x 10⁻¹⁴

Explanation:

In order to show that a free electron can’t completely absorb a photon, the equation for relativistic energy and momentum will be needed, along the equation for the energy and momentum of a photon. The conservation of energy and momentum will also be used.

E = y(u) mc²

Here c is the speed of light in vacuum and y(u) is the Lorentz factor

y(u) = 1/√[1-(u/c)²], where u is the velocity of the particle

The relativistic momentum p of an object of mass m and velocity u is given by

p = y(u)mu

Here y(u) being the Lorentz factor

The energy E of a photon of wavelength λ is

E = hc/λ, where h is the Planck’s constant 6.6 x 10⁻³⁴ J.s and c being the speed of light in vacuum 3 x 108m/s

The momentum p of a photon of wavelenght λ is,

P = h/λ

If the electron is moving, it will start the interaction with some momentum and energy already. Momentum of the electron and photon in the initial and final state is

p(pi) + p(ei) = p(pf) + p(ef), equation 1, where p refers to momentum and the e and p in the brackets refer to proton and electron respectively

The momentum of the photon in the initial state is,

p(pi) = h/λ(i)

The momentum of the electron in the initial state is,

p(ei) = y(i)mu(i)

The momentum of the electron in the final state is

p(ef) = y(f)mu(f)

Since the electron starts off going in the negative direction, that momentum will be negative, along with the photon’s momentum after the collision

Rearranging the equation 1 , we get

p(pi) – p(ei) = -p(pf) +p(ef)

Substitute h/λ(i) for p(pi) , h/λ(f) for p(pf) , y(i)mu(i) for p(ei), y(f)mu(f) for p(ef) in the equation 1 and solve

h/λ(i) – y(i)mu(i) = -h/λ(f) – y(f)mu(f), equation 2

Next write out the energy conservation equation and expand it

E(pi) + E(ei) = E(pf) + E(ei)

Kinetic energy of the electron and photon in the initial state is

E(p) + E(ei) = E(ef), equation 3

The energy of the electron in the initial state is

E(pi) = hc/λ(i)

The energy of the electron in the final state is

E(pf) = hc/λ(f)

Energy of the photon in the initial state is

E(ei) = y(i)mc2, where y(i) is the frequency of the photon int the initial state

Energy of the electron in the final state is

E(ef) = y(f)mc2

Substitute hc/λ(i) for E(pi), hc/λ(f) for E(pf), y(i)mc² for E(ei) and y(f)mc² for E(ef) in equation 3

Hc/λ(i) + y(i)mc² = hc/λ(f) + y(f)mc², equation 4

Solve the equation for h/λ(f)

h/λ(i) + y(i)mc = h/λ(f) + y(f)mc

h/λ(f) = h/lmda(i) + (y(i) – y(f)c)m

Substitute h/λ(i) + (y(i) – y(f)c)m for h/λ(f)  in equation 2 and solve

h/λ(i) -y(i)mu(i) = -h/λ(f) + y(f)mu(f)

h/λ(i) -y(i)mu(i) = -h/λ(i) + (y(f) – y(i))mc + y(f)mu(f)

Rearrange to get all λ(i) terms on one side, we get

2h/λ(i) = m[y(i)u(i) +y(f)u(f) + (y(f) – y(i)c)]

λ(i) = 2h/[m{y(i)u(i) + y(f)u(f) + (y(f) – y(i))c}]

λ(i) = 2h/[m.c{y(i)(u(i)/c) + y(f)(u(f)/c) + (y(f) – y(i))}]

Calculate the Lorentz factor using u(i) = 0.8c for y(i) and u(i) = 0.6c for y(f)

y(i) = 1/[√[1 – (0.8c/c)²] = 5/3

y(f) = 1/√[1 – (0.6c/c)²] = 1.25

Substitute 6.63 x 10⁻³⁴ J.s for h, 0.511eV/c2 = 9.11 x 10⁻³¹ kg for m, 5/3 for y(i), 0.8c for u(i), 1.25 for y(f), 0.6c for u(f), and 3 x 10⁸ m/s for c in the equation derived for λ(i)

λ(i) = 2h/[m.c{y(i)(u(i)/c) + y(f)(u(f)/c) + (y(f) – y(i))}]

λ(i) = 2(6.63 x 10-34)/[(9.11 x 10-31)(3 x 108){(5/3)(0.8) + (1.25)(0.6) + ((1.25) – (5/3))}]

λ(i) = 2.91 x 10⁻¹² m

So, the initial wavelength of the photon was 2.91 x 10-12 m

Energy of the incoming photon is

E(pi) = hc/λ(i)

E(pi) = (6.63 x 10⁻³⁴)(3 x 10⁸)/(2.911 x 10⁻¹²) = 6.833 x 10⁻¹⁴ = 6.8 x 10⁻¹⁴

So the energy of the photon is 6.8 x 10⁻¹⁴ J

6 0
3 years ago
Identify the statement below that is true about a type of stress.
Sunny_sXe [5.5K]

1-D Eustress is a positive response

2-B resistance

3-A Imagine you are doing your gymnastics

6 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Which material is the best heat insulator?<br><br> metal<br><br> wood<br><br> plastic<br><br> glass
OlgaM077 [116]
Of the materials listed wood is the best insulator. It would be the least hot if exposed to similar temperatures.
5 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
A girl is out jogging at 2.00 m/s and accelerates at 1.50 m/s^2 until she reaches a velocity of 5.00 m/s. How far does she get?
Maksim231197 [3]

Answer:

7.00 m

Explanation:

Given:

v₀ = 2.00 m/s

v = 5.00 m/s

a = 1.50 m/s²

Find: Δx

v² = v₀² + 2aΔx

(5.00 m/s)² = (2.00 m/s)² + 2(1.50 m/s²)Δx

Δx = 7.00 m

5 0
3 years ago
block with of mass m is at rest on horizontal frictionless surface at time t=0. A force given by F=Bt+C is applied horizontally
Alexeev081 [22]

Answer:

v_{2} =\frac{1}{2}

Explanation:

From the second law of Newton movement laws, we have:

F=m*a, and we know that a is the acceleration, which definition is:

a=\frac{dv}{dt}, so:

F=m*\frac{dv}{dt}\\\frac{dv}{dt}=\frac{F}{m}=\frac{\frac{1}{2}(t+1)}{4}=\frac{t+1}{8}

The next step is separate variables and integrate (the limits are at this way because at t=0 the block was at rest (v=0):

dv=\frac{1}{8}(t+1)dt\\\int\limits^{v_{2}}_0 \, dv=\int\limits^{2}_{0} {\frac{1}{8}(t+1)} \, dt

v_{2}=\frac{1}{8}*(\frac{t^{2}}{2}+t) (This is the indefinite integral), the definite one is:

v_{2}=\frac{1}{8}*(2+2)=\frac{1}{2}

3 0
3 years ago
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