Heat is added to a chemical system. Which energy will increase?
2 answers:
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Answer:
1) HCl contains the Cl^- which is a good nucleophile
2) 2-methyl-2- heptanol > 2-heptanol > 1-heptanol
3) see image attached
Explanation:
If the dehydration of alcohols is carried out using HCl, the chloride ion which is a good nucleophile will attack the substrate to yield an undesirable product.
The dehydration of alcohols is an E1 reaction. Recall that the ease of E1 reaction increases in the order 3°> 2°> 1°. Hence, 2-methyl-2- heptanol forms a tertiary carbocation intermediate during dehydration and has the greatest ease of dehydration.
The three products formed during the dehydration of 3,3-dimethyl-2-butanol are shown in the image attached. Two out of the three are formed by rearrangement reactions.
Answer : The number of ice cubes melt must be, 13
Explanation :
First we have to calculate the mass of water.
Density of water = 1.00 g/mL
Volume of water = 650 mL
Now we have to calculate the heat released on cooling.
Heat released on cooling =
where,
m = mass of water = 650 g
c = specific heat capacity of water =
= final temperature =
= initial temperature =
Now put all the given values in the above expression, we get:
Heat released on cooling =
Heat released on cooling = 78793 J = 78.793 kJ (1 J = 0.001 kJ)
As, 1 ice cube contains 1 mole of water.
The heat required for 1 ice cube to melt = 6.02 kJ
Now we have to calculate the number of ice cubes melted.
Number of ice cubes melted =
Number of ice cubes melted =
Number of ice cubes melted = 13.1 ≈ 13
Therefore, the number of ice cubes melt must be, 13