Answer:
7560 Joules
Explanation:
= Mass of first car = 
= Mass of second car = 
= Initial Velocity of first car = 0.3 m/s
= Initial Velocity of second car = -0.12 m/s
v = Velocity of combined mass
As linear momentum of the system is conserved

Energy lost is

The Energy lost in the collision is 7560 Joules
The kinetic energy is
.
Explanation:
The kinetic energy of an object is given by

where
K is the kinetic energy of the object
m is the mass of the object
v is the speed of the object
For the comet in this problem, we have:
is its mass
is the speed
First, we convert the speed from km/h to m/s:

Therefore, the kinetic energy of the comet is

Learn more about kinetic energy here:
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By definition, we have that the mechanical advantage is given by the following equation:

Where,
W: is the load
T: is the tension
Substituting the values in the given equation we have:

Therefore, the mechanical advantage is equal to 5.
Answer: The mechanical advantage of this machine is: MA = 5