Answer:
B = 1.353 x 10⁻³ T
Explanation:
The Magnetic field within a toroid is given by
B = μ₀ NI/2πr, where N is the number of turns of the wire, μ₀ is the permeability of free space, I is the current in each turn and r is the distance at which the magnetic field is to be determined from the center of the toroid.
To find r we need to add the inner radius and outer radius and divide the value by 2. Hence,
r = (a + b)/2, where a is the inner radius and b is the outer radius which can be found by adding the length of a square section to the inner radius.
b = 25.1 + 3 = 28.1 cm
a = 25.1 cm
r = (25.1 + 28.1)/2 = 26.6 cm = 0.266m
B = 4π x 10⁻⁷ x 600 x 3/2π x 0.266
B = 1.353 x 10⁻³ T
The strength of the magnetic field at the center of the square cross section is 1.3 x 10⁻³ T
The angle of incidence for a ray of light passing through the center of curvature of a concave mirror is 0°.
The angle of incidence is the angle between the surface's normal and the incident ray. For a concave mirror, the normal of the surface is along the center of the curvature, and a ray of light passed through a center of curvature passes through the normal of the surface.
The ray of light retreats its path making a zero angle of reflection. The law of reflection state that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection; therefore, the angle of incidence of a concave surface passed through the center of curvature is zero degrees.
Learn more about the angle of incidence here:
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Answer:
As ice melts into water, kinetic energy is being added to the particles. This causes them to be 'excited' and they break the bonds that hold them together as a solid, resulting in a change of state: solid -> liquid.
Explanation:
As we may know, the change in state of an object is due to the change in the average kinetic energy of the particles.
This average kinetic energy is proportional to the temperature of the particles.
This is because heat is a form of energy; by adding energy to ice - heat, you "excite" the water molecules, breaking the interactions in the lattice structure and forming weaker, looser hydrogen-bonding interactions.
This causes the ice to melt. This is demonstrated in the image below.
More generally, when you remove energy - the object cools down, the particles move a lot slower. So slow, that they individually attract other molecules more than before, and this results in a physical change that also changes the state.
In this item, we are asked to determine the speed of the bobsled given the distance traveled and the time it takes to cover the certain distance. This can mathematically be expressed as,
speed = distance / time
Substituting the given values in this item,
speed = (113 m) / (29 s)
speed = 3.90 m/s
<em>ANSWER: 3.90 m/s</em>
