Answer:
e. T₂= 4T₁
Explanation:
Initially, we have a number of moles (n₁) a gas sample at a certain pressure (P), temperature (T₁) and volume (V). We can relate these variables through the ideal gas equation.
P . V = n₁ . R . T₁
where,
R is the ideal gas constant
We can rearrange this equation like:

If only one fourth of the initial molecules remain n₂ = 1/4 n₁. The new temperature (T₂) assuming pressure and temperature remain constant is:

Explanation:
When an atom bonds with another atom then it results in the formation of a chemical bond.
This formation of bond could be due to transfer or sharing of electrons.
When a chemical bond is formed due to transfer of electrons then this type of bond is known as ionic bond.
When a chemical bond is formed due to sharing of electrons then this type of bond is known as covalent bond.
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I believe that the best definition of the word common in environmental science is a typical resource. A typical resource is a resource that is not hard to find and is very common. The answer to the question will hence be A.
The answer could not be the other three choices because a shared resource is a resource that is used by more than one organism in the environment. A worthless resource is one that has no use in the environment while a rare resource is one that is hard to find.