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3 years ago

Pls help! Describe ionic and covalent bonding. Give an example of each

Chemistry

1 answer:

ankoles [38]3 years ago

6 0

Answer:

Example of ionic bonds— Sodium chloride and calcium oxide. Example of covalent bond— Water, carbon

Explanation:

ionic bond, also called electrovalent bond, type of linkage formed from the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions in a chemical compound. Such a bond forms when the valence (outermost) electrons of one atom are transferred permanently to another atom.

A covalent bond consists of the mutual sharing of one or more pairs of electrons between two atoms. These electrons are simultaneously attracted by the two atomic nuclei. A covalent bond forms when the difference between the electronegativities of two atoms is too small for an electron transfer to occur to form ions.

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Find the enthalpy of neutralization of HCl and NaOH. 87 cm3 of 1.6 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid was neutralized by 87 cm3 of 1.6 m

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Explanation:

The reaction equation for the given reaction will be as follows.

$HCl + NaOH \rightarrow NaCl + H_{2}O$

Each mole of both HCl and NaOH gives one mole of water.

Also, it is given that 1 liter of NaOH and HCl solution contains 1.6 mol $dm^{-3}$ of NaOH (HCl).

It is known that 1 $cm^{3}$ = 0.001 liter. So, 87 $cm^{3}$ = 0.087 liter.

Hence, number of moles of water obtained from the given reaction are as follows.

0.087 liter × 1.6 mol = 0.1392 moles

No. of moles = $\frac{mass}{molar mass of water}$

0.1392 moles = $\frac{mass}{18 g/mol}$

mass = 2.5056 g

Now, volume of water present before the reaction is $2 \times 0.087$ liter = 0.174 liter or 0.174 Kg (as density is 1 $Kg/cm^{3}$ ) or 174 g (as 1 kg = 1000 g).