Translocation is the movement of materials from leaves to other tissues throughout the plant. Plants produce carbohydrates (sugars) in their leaves by photosynthesis, but nonphotosynthetic parts of the plant also require carbohydrates and other organic and nonorganic materials.
The toll-like receptors do NOT directly lyse bound pathogens (Option C). These protein receptors play fundamental roles in the innate immune system.
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are single-pass membrane-spanning protein receptors that play fundamental functions in the innate immune system.
TLRs are differentially expressed on the surface of antigen-presenting cells (i.e., macrophages and dendritic cells) in order to recognize evolutionary conserved antigenic domains in different pathogenic microorganisms (e.g. bacteria).
TLRs initiate innate immune responses such as, for example, inflammatory responses, by identifying conserved pathogen-associated molecule patterns (PAMPs).
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Answer:
The correct answer will be option-A
Explanation:
The citric acid cycle is the cyclic chain of reactions taking place as a phase of the cellular respiration as it gets halted in the absence of oxygen.
The citric acid cycle converts the obtained acetyl-CoA to a usable form of energy in the form of ATP, NADH and FADH₂.
The citric acid cycle forms intermediates which are utilised by the organisms to synthesise the various biomolecules like amino acids, purines and pyrimidines.
The intermediates like alpha-ketoglutarate forms arginine, proline and glutamine whereas oxaloacetate forms asparagine and aspartate.
If bacteria do not receive the amino acids then they will synthesise the amino acids using intermediates of the citric acid cycle.
Thus, option-A is the correct answer.
The warm ocean water is usually found near the top surface of the ocean. The sun makes the surface of the ocean warm and thus heat up its water. This heat is later mixed by the winds and sea waves from top to beneath the ocean surface. The temperature of the surface is usually warmer than the water at depths as it does not receive sun light. The average ocean temperature at the surface is 17 degree Celsius while at greater depth the temperature falls down to 0 to (-3) degree Celsius
The nephron is the whole it. the smaller subunit is called a bowman capsule
