Hydrogen chloride or most commonly known as hydrochloric acid and
muriatic acid is a diatomic compound that consists of hydrogen and chlorine. It
is prepared industrially by the combustion of hydrogen, H2, in chlorine, Cl2.
H2 + Cl2 -> 2HCl. There are also many metallic chlorides that release
hydrogen chloride gas, HCl, when warmed with concentrated sulfuric acid, H2SO4.
Mostly, it is prepared by heating it with sulfuric acid and sodium chloride.
The reaction is NaCl + H2SO4 -> HCl + NaHSO4. Adding sulfuric acid enables the reaction to proceed further and it acts as a catalyst in the reaction.
Explanation:
The O atom is sp3 in a water molecule, with two sigma bonds and two lone pairs of electrons like that in water. The steric integer is thus 4, and its structure is tetrahedral.
The C atom is sp hybridised into two identical bonds and two identical bonds in acetylene.
The steric integer is therefore 2 because only sigma bonds are engaged in deciding hybridization, and its structure is linear.
The C atom is sp2 hybridised in ethene with single pi bond and three sigma identical bonds.
Thus the steric integer is 3, and its structure is planar trigonal.
The C atom is sp2 hybridized in ethene, with one pi bond and three sigma identical bonds.
The steric integer would therefore be 3 and its structure is planar trigonal.
The O atom is sp3 in a water molecule with two bond pairs and two lone pairs of electrons like that. The steric integer is thus 4, and its structure is tetrahedral.
The C atom is sp3 in a methane ring, with 4 bond pairs and no solitary pairs of electrons like that. The steric integer is thus 4, and its structure is tetrahedral.
<span><span>The column of a fractional distillation apparatus should be
aligned vertical to get better separation because
the column is essentially longer. It will prevent channeling in the
column. </span>Therefore column efficiency will be higher if it is as
vertical as possible instead of tilted.<span> Distillation is a process used to separate a mixture of two (or
more) components. In a typical </span>fractional
distillation, a liquid mixture
is heated in the distilling flask and the
process begins.</span>
