A high frequency sound wave
Resonance, leaving group, carbonyl carbon delta+, and steric effect is the most crucial variables that affect the relative reactivity of a functional group containing a carbonyl in an addition or substitution process.
Discussion:
1. Carbonyl Carbon Delta+: The carbonyl group becomes more electrophilic and accelerates nucleophilic assault when the carbonyl carbon delta+ is bigger.
2. Resonance: When the carbonyl is transformed into the tetrahedral adduct, it may be lost. Loss of resonance increases the energy of the transition state for this nucleophilic assault because resonance has the function of stabilizing. Therefore, a carbonyl functional group's resistance to nucleophilic attack increases as resonance in the group increases in importance.
3. Leaving group: Tetrahedral adduct fragmentation is encouraged by a better LG.
4. Steric effects: The nucleophilic attack on carbonyl carbon is delayed when sterically impeded.
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Answer:
Explanation:
The cation contains 51 protons and 48 electrons. The electrons are only lost not protons, so the element which corresponds to atomic number 51 is the cation which is Antimony (Sb).
Also, the charge on the cation is 51 - 48 = 3
This is because neutral atom contains the same number of electrons as protons.
Given the anion has one-third protons as cation which means thta:
Number of protons in anion = 
This corresponds to chlorine atom. The electrons are 1 greater than protons means that it has gain 1 electron.
So,
Sb Cl
3 1
Cross multiply the valency.
So, formula is
Both carbon and lead belong to Group IV elements, and thus they have the same number of valence electrons.
<span>In
each of the other options, the two elements belong to different groups,
and thus they do NOT have the same number of valence electrons.
I hope this helped you, please tell me if I am correct or not <3
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