Efficiency of heat engine is determined by the ratio of difference in temperature of cold from hot reservoir to the temperature of hot reservoir over temperature of hot reservoir.
Answer: Option A
<u>Explanation:</u>
Efficiency is defined as the output from the input. So it is the ratio of energy output to the energy input. In case of temperature, it is the change in temperature from hot reservoir to cold reservoir with the overall hot reservoir temperature.
Thus, option A is the most suitable as the heat will be transferred from high temperature to low temperature. So the hot reservoir will be releasing the energy. So the conversion of hot reservoir temperature to cool reservoir temperature is defined as the efficiency. Thus, option A is the most suitable.
Explanation:
It is given that the number of electrons passing through the cross-sectional area in 1 s is 
. Also, we know that charge on an electron is 
, then negative charge crossing to the left per second is as follows.
I- = 
I- = 0.544 A
As it is given that the number of protons crossing per second is 
, as the charge on the proton is 
, then positive charge crossing to the right per second is calculated as follows.
I+ = 
I+ = 0.224 A
I = l I+ l + l I- l
So, I = 0.544 + 0.224
= 0.768 A
Thus, we can conclude that the current in given hydrogen discharge tube is 0.768 A.
Feet is the unit of length in British system
Newton's second law of motion. F = m a .
Answer: At the molecular level, temperature is related to the random motions of the particles (atoms and molecules) in matter. ... The temperature of the puddle, or of any object, is a measure of the average of the individual translational energies of all of its atoms or molecules.
Explanation: my science teacher already tought us this
