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2 years ago

Explain how a compass works using scientific terminology.

Physics

2 answers:

Salsk061 [2.6K]2 years ago

8 0

Answer:

A compass works by detecting and responding to the Earth's natural magnetic fields. The Earth has an iron core that is part liquid and part solid crystal, due to gravitational pressure. It is believed that movement in the liquid outer core is what produces the Earth's magnetic field.

Explanation:

kirza4 [7]2 years ago

4 0

Answer:

The natural magnetic fields of the Earth are detected and responded to by a compass. Due to gravitational pressure, the Earth's iron core is partially liquid and partly crystallized. The Earth's magnetic field is thought to be created by movement in the liquid outer core. The Earth's magnetic field, like all other fields, has two poles: north and south. However, even though the geographic and magnetic poles are slightly offset from one another, the compass can still be an extremely useful tool for navigation, especially when declination is taken into account to account for the slight polar differences.

<em>I hope this helps you</em>

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A large balloon of mass 210 kg is filled with helium gas until its volume is 329 m3. Assume the density of air is 1.29 kg/m3 and

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(a) See figure in attachment (please note that the image should be rotated by 90 degrees clockwise)

There are only two forces acting on the balloon, if we neglect air resistance:

- The weight of the balloon, labelled with W, whose magnitude is

$W=mg$

where m is the mass of the balloon+the helium gas inside and g is the acceleration due to gravity, and whose direction is downward

- The Buoyant force, labelled with B, whose magnitude is

$B=\rho_a V g$

where $\rho_a$ is the air density, V is the volume of the balloon and g the acceleration due to gravity, and where the direction is upward

(b) 4159 N

The buoyant force is given by

$B=\rho_a V g$

where $\rho_a$ is the air density, V is the volume of the balloon and g the acceleration due to gravity.

In this case we have

$\rho_a = 1.29 kg/m^3$ is the air density

$V=329 m^3$ is the volume of the balloon

g = 9.8 m/s^2 is the acceleration due to gravity

So the buoyant force is

$B=(1.29 kg/m^3)(329 m^3)(9.8 m/s^2)=4159 N$

(c) 1524 N

The mass of the helium gas inside the balloon is

$m_h=\rho_h V=(0.179 kg/m^3)(329 m^3)=59 kg$

where $\rho_h$ is the helium density; so we the total mass of the balloon+helium gas inside is

$m=m_h+m_b=59 kg+210 kg=269 kg$

So now we can find the weight of the balloon:

$W=mg=(269 kg)(9.8 m/s^2)=2635 N$

And so, the net force on the balloon is

$F=B-W=4159 N-2635 N=1524 N$

(d) The balloon will rise

Explanation: we said that there are only two forces acting on the balloon: the buoyant force, upward, and the weight, downward. Since the magnitude of the buoyant force is larger than the magnitude of the weigth, this means that the net force on the balloon points upward, so according to Newton's second law, the balloon will have an acceleration pointing upward, so it will rise.

(e) 155 kg

The maximum additional mass that the balloon can support in equilibrium can be found by requiring that the buoyant force is equal to the new weight of the balloon:

$W'=(m'+m)g=B$

where m' is the additional mass. Re-arranging the equation for m', we find

$m'=\frac{B}{g}-m=\frac{4159 N}{9.8 m/s^2}-269 kg=155 kg$

(f) The balloon and its load will accelerate upward.

If the mass of the load is less than the value calculated in the previous part (155 kg), the balloon will accelerate upward, because the buoyant force will still be larger than the weight of the balloon, so the net force will still be pointing upward.

(g) The decrease in air density as the altitude increases

As the balloon rises and goes higher, the density of the air in the atmosphere decreases. As a result, the buoyant force that pushes the balloon upward will decrease, according to the formula

$B=\rho_a V g$

So, at a certain altitude h, the buoyant force will be no longer greater than the weight of the balloon, therefore the net force will become zero and the balloon will no longer rise.

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3 years ago

Use examples to explain how the geosphere interacts with two other of Earth's spheres. Explain the interaction for each using co

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The geosphere interacts with the hydrosphere when water causes rock to erode. The atmosphere provides the geosphere with heat and energy for erosion, and the geosphere reflects the sun's energy back into the atmosphere.

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3 years ago

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jenyasd209 [6]

Answer:

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Explanation:

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3 years ago

1)Determine, in terms of unit vectors, the resultant of the five forces illustrated in the figure, Consider F1=20 N, F2= 12 N, F

LiRa [457]

Explanation:

1) F₁ lies in a plane perpendicular to the xy plane, 60° from the x axis. The angle between F₁ and the +z axis is 30°. Therefore, the vector is:

<F₁> = 20 (sin 30° cos 60° i + sin 30° sin 60° j + cos 30° k)

<F₁> = 20 (¼ i + ¼√3 j + ½√3 k)

<F₁> = 5 i + 5√3 j + 10√3 k

F₂ is in the xy plane. Its slope is -24/7. The vector is:

<F₂> = 12 (-⁷/₂₅ i + ²⁴/₂₅ j + 0 k)

<F₂> = -3.36 i + 11.52 j

F₃ is parallel to the +x axis. The vector is:

<F₃> = 17 (i + 0 j + 0 k)

<F₃> = 17 i

F₄ is parallel to the -z axis. The vector is:

<F₄> = 15 (0 i + 0 j − k)

<F₄> = -15 k

F₅ is in the xy plane. It forms a 15° angle with the -y axis. The vector is:

<F₅> = 9 (-sin 15° i − cos 15° j + 0 k)

<F₅> = -9 sin 15° i − 9 cos 15° j

The resultant vector is therefore:

<F> = (5 − 3.36 + 17 − 9 sin 15°) i + (5√3 + 11.52 − 9 cos 15°) j + (10√3 − 15) k

<F> = 16.31 i + 11.49 j + 2.32 k

2) Sum of forces at point B in the x direction:

∑F = ma

Tbc cos 40° − ¹⁵/₁₇ Tab = 0

Tbc cos 40° = ¹⁵/₁₇ Tab

Tbc = 1.15 Tab

Sum of forces at point B in the y direction:

∑F = ma

Tbc sin 40° + ⁸/₁₇ Tab − mAg = 0

Tbc sin 40° + ⁸/₁₇ Tab = (2 kg) (10 m/s²)

(1.15 Tab) sin 40° + ⁸/₁₇ Tab = 20 N

1.21 Tab = 20 N

Tab = 16.52 N

Tbc = 19.02 N

Sum of forces at point C in the x direction:

∑F = ma

Tcd sin 25° − Tbc cos 40° = 0

Tcd sin 25° = Tbc cos 40°

Tcd = 1.81 Tbc

Tcd = 34.48 N

3(a) When the crane is on the verge of tipping, the center of gravity is directly over point F. Relative to point A:

3.7 m = [ (390 kg) (0.9 m) + (90 kg) (9 m cos θ + 1.7 m) + (80 kg) (9 m cos θ + 2.9 m) ] / (390 kg + 90 kg + 80 kg)

2072 kgm = 351 kgm + 810 kgm cos θ + 153 kgm + 720 kgm cos θ + 232 kgm

1336 kgm = 1530 kgm cos θ

θ = 29.17°

3(b) 3.7 m = [ (390 kg) (0.9 m) + (90 kg) (x + 1.7 m) + (80 kg) (x + 2.9 m) ] / (390 kg + 90 kg + 80 kg)

2072 kgm = 351 kgm + (90 kg) x + 153 kgm + (80 kg) x + 232 kgm

1336 kgm = (170 kg) x

x = 7.86 m

4) Find the lengths of the cables.

Lab = √((2 m)² + (3 m)² + (5 m)²)

Lab = √38 m

Lac = √((2 m)² + (3 m)² + (5 m)²)

Lac = √38 m

Lde = √((2 m)² + (3 m)²)

Lde = √13 m

Sum of forces in the x direction:

∑F = ma

-5/√38 Fab − 5/√38 Fac − 2/√13 Fde + Rx = 0

Sum of forces in the y direction:

∑F = ma

2/√38 Fab − 2/√38 Fac = 0

Fab = Fac

Sum of forces in the z direction:

∑F = ma

3/√38 Fab + 3/√38 Fac + 3/√13 Fde − mg = 0

Sum of moments about the y-axis:

∑τ = Iα

(3/√38 Fab) (5 m) + (3/√38 Fac) (5 m) + (3/√13 Fde) (2 m) − (mg) (2 m) = 0

Substitute Fab = Fac and simplify:

6/√38 Fab + 3/√13 Fde − mg = 0

30/√38 Fab + 6/√13 Fde − 2mg = 0

Double first equation:

12/√38 Fab + 6/√13 Fde − 2mg = 0

Subtract from the second equation:

28/√38 Fab = 0

Fab = 0

Fac = 0

Solve for Fde:

3/√38 Fab + 3/√38 Fac + 3/√13 Fde − mg = 0

3/√13 Fde = mg

3/√13 Fde = (1.7 kg) (10 m/s²)

Fde = 20.43 N

Solve for Rx:

-5/√38 Fab − 5/√38 Fac − 2/√13 Fde + Rx = 0

Rx = 2/√13 Fde

Rx = 11.33 N

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