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ELEN [110]
2 years ago
9

Is the production of nitrogen(II) oxide exothermic or endothermic?

Chemistry
1 answer:
LuckyWell [14K]2 years ago
3 0
It’s a exothermic reaction.
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(i) Based on the graph, determine the order of the decomposition reaction of cyclobutane at 1270 K. Justify your answer.
Leni [432]

Answer:

(c)(i) The order of the reaction based on the graph provided is first order.

(ii) 99% of the cyclobutane would have decomposed in 53.15 milliseconds.

d) Rate = K [Cl₂]

K = rate constant

The justification is presented in the Explanation provided below.

e) A catalyst is a substance that alters the rate of a reaction without participating or being used up in the reaction.

Cl₂ is one of the reactants in the reaction, hence, it participates actively and is used up in the process of the reaction, hence, it cannot be termed as a catalyst for the reaction.

So, this shows why the student's claim is false.

Explanation:

To investigate the order of a reaction, a method of trial and error is usually employed as the general equations for the amount of reactant left for various orders are known.

So, the behaviour of the plot of maybe the concentration of reactant with time, or the plot of the natural logarithm of the concentration of reactant with time.

The graph given is evidently an exponential function. It is a graph of the concentration of cyclobutane declining exponentially with time. This aligns with the gemeral expression of the concentration of reactants for a first order reaction.

C(t) = C₀ e⁻ᵏᵗ

where C(t) = concentration of the reactant at any time

C₀ = Initial concentration of cyclobutane = 1.60 mol/L

k = rate constant

The rate constant for a first order reaction is given

k = (In 2)/T

where T = half life of the reaction. It is the time taken for the concentration of the reactant to fall to half of its initial concentration.

From the graph, when the concentration of reactant reaches half of its initial concentration, that is, when C(t) = 0.80 mol/L, time = 8.0 milliseconds = 0.008 s

k = (In 2)/0.008 = (0.693/0.008) = 86.64 /s

(ii) Calculate the time, in milliseconds, that it would take for 99 percent of the original cyclobutane at 1270 K to decompose

C(t) = C₀ e⁻ᵏᵗ

when 99% of the cyclobutane has decomposed, there's only 1% left

C(t) = 0.01C₀

k = 86.64 /s

t = ?

0.01C₀ = C₀ e⁻ᵏᵗ

e⁻ᵏᵗ = 0.01

In e⁻ᵏᵗ = In 0.01 = -4.605

-kt = -4.605

t = (4.605/k) = (4.605/86.64) = 0.05315 s = 53.15 milliseconds.

d) The reaction mechanism for the reaction of cyclopentane and chlorine gas is given as

Cl₂ → 2Cl (slow)

Cl + C₅H₁₀ → HCl + C₅H₉ (fast)

C₅H₉ + Cl → C₅H₉Cl (fast)

The rate law for a reaction is obtained from the slow step amongst the the elementary reactions or reaction mechanism for the reaction. After writing the rate law from the slow step, any intermediates that appear in the rate law is then substituted for, using the other reaction steps.

For This reaction, the slow step is the first elementary reaction where Chlorine gas dissociates into 2 Chlorine atoms. Hence, the rate law is

Rate = K [Cl₂]

K = rate constant

Since, no intermediates appear in this rate law, no further simplification is necessary.

The obtained rate law indicates that the reaction is first order with respect to the concentration of the Chlorine gas and zero order with respect to cyclopentane.

e) A catalyst is a substance that alters the rate of a reaction without participating or being used up in the reaction.

Cl₂ is one of the reactants in the reaction, hence, it participates actively and is used up in the process of the reaction, hence, it cannot be termed as a catalyst for the reaction.

So, this shows why the student's claim is false.

Hope this Helps!!!

6 0
3 years ago
The chemical equation, 2 Cr + 3 Fe(NO3)2 - 3 Fe + 2 Cr(NO3)3, is an
lana66690 [7]

Answer:

Single replacement reaction (aka single displacement reaction)

Explanation:

In a single replacement reaction, one element is substituted for another in a compound to create a new compound and a new element in the products. The general form is:

A + BC --> B + AC

In the case of this question, Cr and Fe "trade places."

6 0
2 years ago
What three types of Protists have been discovered
frosja888 [35]

Answer:

the answer is D

Explanation:

but hope this helps

8 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
When excess potassium hydroxide and H2SeO3 react whats the net ionic reaction for the acid-base rxn
Bad White [126]

The required net ionic equation is; 2H^+(aq) + 2OH^-(aq)-----> 2H2O(l)

The molecular reaction equation is;

H2SeO3(aq) + 2KOH(aq) -----> K2SeO3(aq) + 2H2O(l)

The complete ionic equation is;

2H^+(aq) + SeO3^2-(aq) + 2K^+(aq) + 2OH^-(aq)-----> 2K^+(aq) + SeO3^2-(aq) + 2H2O(l)

Net ionic equation;

2H^+(aq) + 2OH^-(aq)-----> 2H2O(l)

We can clearly see that this is a neutralization reaction hence water is the product of the net ionic equation.

Learn more:brainly.com/question/25150590

4 0
2 years ago
Which of these observations helped Rutherford determine that atoms have tiny, dense, positively charged nuclei?
gladu [14]
The third reason helped Rutherford to discover the nucleus.
5 0
3 years ago
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