Answer:
For much of the past century, scientists studying drugs and drug use labored in the shadows of powerful myths and misconceptions about the nature of addiction. When scientists began to study addictive behavior in the 1930s, people with an addiction were thought to be morally flawed and lacking in willpower. Those views shaped society’s responses to drug use, treating it as a moral failing rather than a health problem, which led to an emphasis on punishment rather than prevention and treatment.
Today, thanks to science, our views and our responses to addiction and the broader spectrum of substance use disorders have changed dramatically. Groundbreaking discoveries about the brain have revolutionized our understanding of compulsive drug use, enabling us to respond effectively to the problem.
As a result of scientific research, we know that addiction is a medical disorder that affects the brain and changes behavior. We have identified many of the biological and environmental risk factors and are beginning to search for the genetic variations that contribute to the development and progression of the disorder. Scientists use this knowledge to develop effective prevention and treatment approaches that reduce the toll drug use takes on individuals, families, and communities.
Despite these advances, we still do not fully understand why some people develop an addiction to drugs or how drugs change the brain to foster compulsive drug use. This booklet aims to fill that knowledge gap by providing scientific information about the disorder of drug addiction, including the many harmful consequences of drug use and the basic approaches that have been developed to prevent and treat substance use disorders.
At the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), we believe that increased understanding of the basics of addiction will empower people to make informed choices in their own lives, adopt science-based policies and programs that reduce drug use and addiction in their communities, and support scientific research that improves the Nation’s well-being.
Answer:
The correct answer is - so that other scientists can replicate the experiment and make sure the results are correct or to check accuracy.
Explanation:
The data and procudres are required to be recorded or noted correctly so the experiment and research can be replicate and tested for the accuracy of the experiment by other scientist and researcher.
Mandy also need to note procedure, data, variables and other data correctly for the testing the accuracy and replication of the experiment. The replication is essential to check if every thing is correct and result are error free.
Answer:
C-Its product is heavier than each of its reactants.
Explanation:
Correct equation:
¹⁴₇N + ¹₁H → ¹⁵₈O
In the reaction above, we can conclude within the given conditions of the reaction that the product formed is heavier than the reactants.
The product is oxygen with a mass number of 15 as shown by the superscript preceeding the symbol of the atom.
The reactants are:
Nitrogen, N with a mass number of 14
Hydrogen, H with a mass number of 1
The mass number is a true reflection of the mass of an atom. It clearly shows the mass of the nucleons which are the most massive particles that makes up an atom. The nucleons are protons and neutrons that makes up the tiny nucleus of the atom.
Oxygen here has more nucleons that each of Nitrogen and Hydrogen.
This process is called hydrogenation. It involves the conversion of oils that are liquid into semi-solid fats. Example products that makes use of this process is the margarine and shortenings. Hope this answers the question. Have a nice day.
Answer : The current passing between the electrodes is, 
Explanation :
First we have to calculate the charge of sodium ion.
where,
q = charge of sodium ion
n = number of sodium ion = 
e = charge on electron = 
Now put all the given values in the above formula, we get:
Now we have to calculate the charge of chlorine ion.
where,
q' = charge of chlorine ion
n = number of chlorine ion = 
e = charge on electron =
Now put all the given values in the above formula, we get:
Now we have to calculate the current passing between the electrodes.
Thus, the current passing between the electrodes is,
