Answer:
please your question isn't complete
I think its low Temperatures, and Low pressures. I'm stuck on this one too haha
Answer:
CO(g) + H₂O(g) <=> CO₂(g) + H₂(g), (volume is decreased) .. No effect.
PCl₃(g) + Cl₂(g) <=> PCl₅(g)
, (volume is increased) .. Shift left.
CaCO₃(s) <=> CaO(s) + CO₂(g)
, (volume is increased) .. Shift right.
Explanation:
<em>Le Châtelier's principle</em><em> states that when there is an dynamic equilibrium, and this equilibrium is disturbed by an external factor, the equilibrium will be shifted in the direction that can cancel the effect of the external factor to reattain the equilibrium.</em>
<em />
<em>CO(g) + H₂O(g) <=> CO₂(g) + H₂(g) (volume is decreased)</em>
- When volume is decreased, the pressure will increase:
- When there is an increase in pressure, the equilibrium will shift towards the side with fewer moles of gas of the reaction. And when there is a decrease in pressure, the equilibrium will shift towards the side with more moles of gas of the reaction.
- The reactants side (left) has 2.0 moles of gases and the products side (right) has 2.0 moles of gases.
So, decreasing the volume will have no effect on the reaction.
<em>PCl₃(g) + Cl₂(g) <=> PCl₅(g)
, (volume is increased)</em>
- When volume is increased, the pressure will decrease:
- When there is an decrease in pressure, the equilibrium will shift towards the side with more moles of gas of the reaction.
- The reactants side (left) has 2.0 moles of gases and the products side (right) has 1.0 mole of gases.
- So, decreasing the pressure will shift the reaction to the side with more moles of gas (left side).
so, increasing the volume will shift the reaction left.
<em>CaCO₃(s) <=> CaO(s) + CO₂(g)
, (volume is increased)</em>
- When volume is increased, the pressure will decrease:
- When there is an decrease in pressure, the equilibrium will shift towards the side with more moles of gas of the reaction.
- The reactants side (left) has 0 moles of gases and the products side (right) has 1.0 mole of gases.
- So, decreasing the pressure will shift the reaction to the side with more moles of gas (right side).
so, increasing the volume will shift the reaction right.
Answer:
Only the valence shell are shown in the Lewis electron dot structures because, the chemical reactivity of an atom of an element is determined by the valence electrons of the atom and not by all the electrons of the atom including the inner electrons.
Explanation:
Lewis electron dot structures are structures that show the bonding between atoms of a molecule, as well as the lone pairs of electrons that may exist in the molecule.
In the Lewis symbol for an atom, the chemical symbol of the element is written, and the valence electrons of the atom are represented as dots surrounding it. Only the electrons in the valence shell are shown using the Lewis electron dot structures.
Lewis structures for molecules show each atom and its position in the structure of the molecule using its chemical symbol. Dots or lines are drawn between atoms to show the electrons that are involved in the chemical bonding between the atoms in the molecule. Valence electrons in each atom that are not involved in bonding known as lone pairs, are represented as pairs of dots, and are placed next to each atom bearing the electron.
Electrons that are not in the valence level are not shown in the Lewis electron dot structures . This is because, the chemical reactivity of an atom of an element is determined by the valence electrons of the atom and not all the electrons of the atom including the inner electrons.
Well... In this case.. They burn bodies..