As mentioned above, phosphoric acid has 3 pKa values, and after 3 ionization it gives 3 types of ions at different pKa values:
H₃PO₄(aq)
+ H₂O(l) ⇌ H₃O⁺(aq) + H₂PO₄⁻ (aq) pKₐ₁
<span>
</span>H₂PO₄⁻(aq) + H₂O(l) ⇌ H₃O⁺(aq) + HPO₄²⁻ (aq) pKₐ₂
HPO₄²⁻(aq) + H₂O(l) ⇌ H₃O⁺(aq) + PO₄³⁻ (aq) pKₐ₃
At the highest pKa value (12.4) of phosphoric acid, the last OH group will lose its hydrogen. On the picture I attached, it is shown required protonated form of phosphoric acid before reaction whose pKa value is 12.4.
An example of a reaction that occurs within the core of a nuclear reactor is the nuclear fission reaction given:
- ²³⁵₉₂U + ¹₀n ---> ⁹⁰₃₈Sr + ¹⁴³₅₄ + 3 ¹₀n
<h3>What is a nuclear reactor?</h3>
A nuclear reactor is a device which produces electrical energy as a result of the nuclear reactions that take place within it.
In a nuclear reactor, the reaction that takes place within the core is a nuclear fission chain reaction.
In a nuclear fission reaction, the nucleus of larger atoms are split into the nucleus of smaller atoms when fast moving neutrons are used to bombard the nucleus of the large atom. The fission of the nucleus of the large atom results in the formation of atoms of lighter nucleus as well as more protons which then bombard more nucleus of the large atoms resulting in a chain reaction.
The chain reaction occurring within the nuclear reactor core is controlled by the insertion of boron rods which absorbs the excess neutrons produced.
An example of a reaction that occurs within the core of a nuclear reactor is given below:
²³⁵₉₂U + ¹₀n ---> ⁹⁰₃₈Sr + ¹⁴³₅₄ + 3 ¹₀n
Learn more about nuclear fission at: brainly.com/question/913303
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A. both permanent magnets and electromagnets.
Explanation:
A permanent magnet can affect and attract any other permanent magnet and even electromagnet.
They also affect any magnetic materials especially metals that can be magnetized.
In the vicinity of such substances, an attractive or repulsive force sets in and they both interact in the presence of the force field in place.
Permanent magnets cannot magnetize non-magnets.
An electromagnet is a magnet produced by the passage of electric current through a wire wound round a metallic core.
learn more:
Electromagnet brainly.com/question/2191993
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The universe is "running down," becoming randomly scattered and disorganized, tending to break down into its simple parts. Metals rust, parts wear out, dead organisms decay and turn to dust. The entropy of the universe is increasing.
The Bible provides an answer. A great amount of energy had to be expended to produce such great organization. As one scientist states the problem, energy was not enough. If you are asked to "reduce the entropy" of your room (put it in order), you certainly need to put in some effort (energy). But just adding energy is not enough. You could let loose a bull in your room, and it would expend a great deal of energy; however, that energy would not decrease but would increase the disorder of the room. Therefore, scientists know that to produce order, energy must be intelligently directed. Evolution requires that atoms and molecules assemble themselves into increasing order, but the science of thermodynamics assures us that the entire universe, when left to itself, is converting to disorder. The Apostle Paul referred to this concept when he said through inspiration that the entire earth is "subject to the bondage of decay." The original state required an intelligence to organize the complexities of the universe.
Christians, of course, have an answer to these perplexing questions: God. God is the Creator of the universe, the ultimate source of its energy and order. He created it with no entropy (no disorder). When man sinned, the universe began to increase in entropy (become more and more disordered). For Christians a discussion of energy, thermodynamics, and entropy is inspiring. These subjects invariably point us to the One who created the universe and sustains it by His power. Christians also know that His power will one day totally renew the universe and entropy will have no part in it.
Christians need never be afraid of science. God is in control of the universe and all the laws of the universe operate according to His will and design. Christians should be confident that they have the answers to the perplexing questions of nature.
Part 2
The above attitude allows christians to ignore questions that are difficult and this leads to mental complacency.
"This is gods work. I must not question or touch this". Is their motto.
When christians see difficult questions, such as entropy and creation, that is where they stop thinking and attribute it to god. They become intellectually crippled and refuse to make that one further step. It then halts progress until the shamen can integrate new knowledge into their mantra and dogma.
Science in general, tries to explain and understand and make further progress and additions to human knowledge. Christians will only try to understand what they have been taught and integrate any new knowledge when the older beliefs become untenable.
