1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
SVETLANKA909090 [29]
1 year ago
6

an electron in the 3rd shell of an Aluminium atom moves to the first shell in a bombardment process. Calculate the frequency of

the electron the 3rd orbit and energy used in transition to the first shell.[h=6.626*10^-14J/Hz [R=3.29*10^15 Hz]
Chemistry
1 answer:
Liula [17]1 year ago
5 0

Following the quantic theory, the energy of a photon equals the radiation frequency multiplied by the universal constant. ν = 2.923x10¹⁵ Hz. E = 3.09x10¹⁵Hz.

<h3>What is quantum mechanic?</h3>

It is the branch of physics that studies objects and forces at a very low scale, at atoms, subatoms, and particles levels.

Quantum mechanics states that the elemental particles that constitute matter -electrons, neutrons, protons- have the properties of a wave and a particle.

It emerges from the quantic theory exposed by Max Planck (1922), in which he affirmed that light propagates in energy packages or photons.

He discovered the Universal Planck constant, h, used to calculate the energy of a photon.

He stated that the energy of a photon (E) equals the radiation frequency (ν) multiplied by the universal constant (h).

E = νh

In the exposed example, we need to calculate the energy required to change from the 3rd shell to the first shell.

To do it, we should know that the energy in a level (Eₙ) equals the energy associated to an electron in the most inferior energy level (E₁) divided by the square of the shell number (n²).

Eₙ = E₁ / n²

E₁ is a constant. We can express it in <em>Joules </em>or <em>electroVolts </em>

  • E₁ = -2.18x10⁻¹⁸ J
  • E₁ = -13.6 eV

So, let us calculate the energy at level 1 and 3

Eₙ = E₁ / n²

  • E₁ =  -2.18x10⁻¹⁸ J / 1² =<u>  -2.18x10⁻¹⁸</u><u> J</u>

        E₁ =  -13.6 eV / 1² =<u>  -13.6 </u><u>eV</u>

  • E₃ =  -2.18x10⁻¹⁸ J / 3² =  -2.18x10⁻¹⁸ J / 9 =<u> - 2.42x10⁻¹⁹ </u><u>J</u>

        E₃ =  -13.6 eV / 3² =  -13.6 eV / 9 = <u>- 1.51 </u><u>eV</u>

The change of energy can be calculated in two ways,

<u>Option 1</u>

ΔE = E₁ - E₃ = 2.18x10⁻¹⁸ - 2.42x10⁻¹⁹ =<u> 1.93x10⁻¹⁸</u><u>J</u>

ΔE = E₁ - E₃ = 13.6 - 1.51 = <u>12.09 </u><u>eV</u>

<u>Option 2</u>

ΔE = -2.18x10⁻¹⁸ J (1/nf² - 1/ni²)

ΔE =-13.6 eV (1/nf² - 1/ni²)

Where nf is the final level and ni is the initial level. When the electron passes from its initial level to its final level it is called electronic transition.

  • ni = 3
  • nf = 1

ΔE = -2.18x10⁻¹⁸ J (1/nf² - 1/ni²)

ΔE = -2.18x10⁻¹⁸ J (1/1² - 1/3²)

ΔE = -2.18x10⁻¹⁸ J (1 - 0.111)

ΔE = -2.18x10⁻¹⁸ J (0.888)

<u>ΔE</u><u> = - 1.937x10⁻¹⁸ </u><u>J</u>

or

ΔE = -13.6 eV  (1/nf² - 1/ni²)

ΔE = -13.6 eV  (1/1² - 1/3²)

ΔE = -13.6 eV  (1 - 0.111)

ΔE = -13.6 eV  (0.888)

<u>ΔE</u><u> = -12.08</u><u> eV</u>

This is the energy required for the electron to go from n= 3 to n = 1. The negative sign (-) means energy (as light or photons) released or emitted.

<u />

If we want to express the result in Hz, we just need to make a conversion.

1Hz ⇔ 6.626x10⁻³⁴J ⇔ 4.136x10¹⁵ eV.

The energy required for the electron to go from n= 3 to n = 1 is <u>3.09x10¹⁵ </u><u>Hz</u><u>.</u>

Now, we need to calculate the frequency, ν. This is, how many times the wave oscillates back and foward per second.

To do it, we will use the universal Planck constant, h, and the absolute value of the energy, E.

ν = E/h = 1.937x10⁻¹⁸ J / 6.626x10⁻³⁴ Js = 2.923x10¹⁵ 1/s =  <u>2.923x10¹⁵ Hz</u>.

<u>Answer</u>:

  • Frequency, ν = E/h = <u>2.923x10¹⁵ </u><u>Hz</u>.
  • Energy, E = <u>3.09x10¹⁵ </u><u>Hz</u><u>.</u>

You can learn more about quantum mechanic at

brainly.com/question/11855107

brainly.com/question/23780112

brainly.com/question/11852353

You might be interested in
What pressure, in atm, would be exerted by 0.023 grams of oxygen (O2) if it occupies 31.6 mL at 91
Vikentia [17]

Answer:  A pressure of 0.681 atm would be exerted by 0.023 grams of oxygen (O_2) if it occupies 31.6 mL at 91^{o}C.

Explanation:

Given : Mass of oxygen = 0.023 g

Volume = 31.6 mL

Convert mL into L as follows.

1 mL = 0.001 L\\31.6 mL = 31.6 mL \times \frac{0.001 L}{1 mL}\\= 0.0316 L

Temperature = 91^{o}C = (91 + 273) K = 364 K

As molar mass of O_2 is 32 g/mol. Hence, the number of moles of O_2 are calculated as follows.

No. of moles = \frac{mass}{molar mass}\\= \frac{0.023 g}{32 g/mol}\\= 0.00072 mol

Using the ideal gas equation calculate the pressure exerted by given gas as follows.

PV = nRT

where,

P = pressure

V = volume

n = number of moles

R = gas constant = 0.0821 L atm/mol K

T = temperature

Substitute the value into above formula as follows.

PV = nRT\\P  \times 0.0316 L = 0.00072 mol \times 0.0821 L atm/mol K \times 364 K\\P = \frac{0.00072 mol \times 0.0821 L atm/mol K \times 364 K}{0.0316 L}\\= 0.681 atm

Thus, we can conclude that a pressure of 0.681 atm would be exerted by 0.023 grams of oxygen (O_2) if it occupies 31.6 mL at 91^{o}C.

4 0
3 years ago
Which of the following statements does not describe the structure of an atom?  An atom has a small, dense center called the nucl
Gala2k [10]
<span>Inside the nucleus of an atom are protons and electrons. </span>
5 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
How many molecules are in 13 moles of oxygen?
natima [27]

Answer:

mass/13of molecules .........

8 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
What is the approximate tilt of the earth?<br> 18°<br> 23°<br> 45°<br> 60°
balandron [24]
The answer is 23.5° but I guess 23° is closest
7 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Which thunderstorms hazard caused more than 450 deaths in Florida between 1959 and 2013
wel
Thunderstorms between Tampa and titusville
3 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Other questions:
  • A flexible container at an initial volume of 6.13 L contains 6.51 mol of gas. More gas is then added to the container until it r
    7·1 answer
  • Does the entropy (△S) increase or decrease in each of the following processes? The wind blows a pile of leaves all over the yard
    14·1 answer
  • What type of solid has the highest melting point?
    10·2 answers
  • What is the formula for silicon tetrabromide?
    5·2 answers
  • In the diagram, above, marker E is pointing to a __________, which is the “winding” shape that a river can take and its shape is
    12·1 answer
  • Why is fresh water considered a limited
    14·2 answers
  • Describe the contributions of 3 scientists to our current understanding of the atom
    7·1 answer
  • Which statement best describes a mechanical wave?
    13·1 answer
  • For a concave mirror, incident light beams through C will reflect:
    8·1 answer
  • At room temperature (208C) and pressure, the density of air is 1.189 g/L. An object will float in air if its density is less tha
    5·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!