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Alik [6]
2 years ago
11

A bat wing is more similar in anatomical structure to a cat forelimb than to a bird wing. Answer the following questions about t

hese structures.
Which pairs are homologous structures?


Which pairs are analogous structures?


Based on this, do you think a bat is more closely related to a cat or a bird? Explain your answer.
Chemistry
1 answer:
lara31 [8.8K]2 years ago
6 0

Answer:

homology, in biology, similarity of the structure, physiology, or development of different species of organisms based upon their descent from a common evolutionary ancestor. Homology is contrasted with analogy, which is a functional similarity of structure based not upon common evolutionary origins but upon mere similarity of use. Thus the forelimbs of such widely differing mammals as humans, bats, and deer are homologous; the form of construction and the number of bones in these varying limbs are practically identical, and represent adaptive modifications of the forelimb structure of their common early mammalian ancestors. Analogous structures, on the other hand, can be represented by the wings of birds and of insects; the structures are used for flight in both types of organisms, but they have no common ancestral origin at the beginning of their evolutionary development. A 19th-century British biologist, Sir Richard Owen, was the first to define both homology and analogy in precise terms.

When two or more organs or structures are basically similar to each other in construction but are modified to perform different functions, they are said to be serially homologous. An example of this is a bat’s wing and a whale’s flipper. Both originated in the forelimbs of early mammalian ancestors, but they have undergone different evolutionary modification to perform the radically different tasks of flying and swimming, respectively. Sometimes it is unclear whether similarities in structure in different organisms are analogous or homologous. An example of this is the wings of bats and birds. These structures are homologous in that they are in both cases modifications of the forelimb bone structure of early reptiles. But birds’ wings differ from those of bats in the number of digits and in having feathers for flight while bats have none. And most importantly, the power of flight arose independently in these two different classes of vertebrates; in birds while they were evolving from early reptiles, and in bats after their mammalian ancestors had already completely differentiated from reptiles. Thus, the wings of bats and birds can be viewed as analogous rather than homologous upon a more rigorous scrutiny of their morphological differences and evolutionary origins.

Explanation:

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D
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An atom is made of 16 protons, 17 neutrons, and 18 electrons. What is the mass number of
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Answer:

The answer is 33 .

Explanation:

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B

Explanation:

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Question 4(Multiple Choice Worth 4 points)
vitfil [10]

Answer:

The quantum number that describes the orientation of an orbital within a sublevel is the magnetic quantum number.

Explanation:

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The Pauli exclusion principle states that if two electrons inhabit the same orbital, they will spin in different directions.

Hund's rule states that if an orbital does not have an electron, an electron will need to fill it first before any of the other orbitals can have two electrons of differing spins.

The Aufbau principle states that all electrons will fill orbitals in an orderly fashion based on the quantum numbers.  An attachment is included of this fill order for your reference.

The four quantum numbers for chemistry are:

The principal quantum number describes the sublevel in which the orbital is located. This occurs at n = 1, 2, 3, etc. all the way to 7.

The angular momentum quantum number describes the orbital that an electron fills. It will refer to the shape and the type of orbital.  

The magnetic quantum number refers to the orientation of an orbital. Based on the angular momentum quantum number, there can be 1, 3, 5, or 7 orientations.

The spin quantum number refers to the Pauli exclusion principle. This number is assigned a negative or positive based on the orientation of the electron.

Therefore, because the magnetic quantum number is the one that refers to <u>the orientation of the orbital</u>, this is our answer.

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