Question

State and prove bessel inequality​

Answer 1

Statement :- We assume the orthagonal sequence ${{\{\phi\}}_{1}^{\infty}}$ in Hilbert space, now ${\forall \sf \:v\in \mathbb{V}}$, the Fourier coefficients are given by:

${\quad \qquad \longrightarrow \sf a_{i}=(v,{\phi}_{i})}$

Then Bessel's inequality give us:

${\boxed{\displaystyle \bf \sum_{1}^{\infty}\vert a_{i}\vert^{2}\leqslant \Vert v\Vert^{2}}}$

Proof :- We assume the following equation is true

${\quad \qquad \longrightarrow \displaystyle \sf v_{n}=\sum_{i=1}^{n}a_{i}{\phi}_{i}}$

So that, ${\bf v_n}$ is projection of ${\bf v}$ onto the surface by the first ${\bf n}$ of the ${\bf \phi_{i}}$ . For any event, ${\sf (v-v_{n})\perp v_{n}}$

Now, by Pythagoras theorem:

${:\implies \quad \sf \Vert v\Vert^{2}=\Vert v-v_{n}\Vert^{2}+\Vert v_{n}\Vert^{2}}$

${:\implies \quad \displaystyle \sf ||v||^{2}=\Vert v-v_{n}\Vert^{2}+\sum_{i=1}^{n}\vert a_{i}\vert^{2}}$

Now, we can deduce that from the above equation that;

${:\implies \quad \displaystyle \sf \sum_{i=1}^{n}\vert a_{i} \vert^{2}\leqslant \Vert v\Vert^{2}}$

For ${\sf n\to \infty}$, we have

${:\implies \quad \boxed{\displaystyle \bf \sum_{1}^{\infty}\vert a_{i}\vert^{2}\leqslant \Vert v\Vert^{2}}}$

Hence, Proved

Answer 2

Answer:

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