Question

Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu. consider the substances hydrogen (h2), fluorine (f2), and hydrogen fluoride (hf). based on their molecular structures, how does the boiling point of hf compare with the boiling points of h2 and f2? the boiling point of hf is the boiling point of h2, and it is the boiling point of f2.

Answer 1

The boiling point of HF is higher than the boiling point of $H_2$, and it is higher than the boiling point of $F_2$.

What is the boiling point?

The boiling point is the temperature at which the pressure exerted by the surroundings upon a liquid is equalled by the pressure exerted by the vapour of the liquid.

$F_2$ has weak dispersion force attractions between its molecules, whereas liquid HF has strong ionic interactions between $H^+$ and $F^-$ ions.

Only London Forces are formed - Therefore more energy is required to break the intermolecular forces in HF than in the other hydrogen halides and so HF has a higher boiling point.

$H_2$ and $F_2$ will only have intra-molecular attractions and there will be no hydrogen bonds present in them. As a result, their boiling point will be lower.

Hence, the boiling point of HF is higher than the boiling point of $H_2$, and it is higher than the boiling point of $F_2$.

Learn more about the boiling point:

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