“Gaining or losing electrons has no impact on the number of protons and neutrons an atom has, which is another way of saying that the mass number is not affected by changes in the net charge.”
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A electron has a negative charge. They represent energy levels.
An example of the use of an electron is the spherical shell. The larger the shell, the more energy the electron has.
Answer:
Answer is explained in the explanation section below.
Explanation:
Solution:
We know that the Electric field inside the thin hollow shell is zero, if there is no charge inside it.
So,
a) 0 < r < r1 :
We know that the Electric field inside the thin hollow shell is zero, if there is no charge inside it.
Hence, E = 0 for r < r1
b) r1 < r < r2:
Electric field =?
Let, us consider the Gaussian Surface,
E x 4
= 
So,
Rearranging the above equation to get Electric field, we will get:
E = 
Multiply and divide by
E =
x 
Rearranging the above equation, we will get Electric Field for r1 < r < r2:
E= (σ1 x
) /(
x
)
c) r > r2 :
Electric Field = ?
E x 4
= 
Rearranging the above equation for E:
E = 
E =
+ 
As we know from above, that:
= (σ1 x
) /(
x
)
Then, Similarly,
= (σ2 x
) /(
x
)
So,
E =
+ 
Replacing the above equations to get E:
E = (σ1 x
) /(
x
) + (σ2 x
) /(
x
)
Now, for
d) Under what conditions, E = 0, for r > r2?
For r > r2, E =0 if
σ1 x
= - σ2 x 
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