Question

While in Earth's orbit, an 80-kg astronaut carrying a 20-kg tool kit is initially drifting toward a stationary space shuttle at a speed of 2 m/s. If she throws the tool kit toward the shuttle with a speed of 6 m/s, her final speed is what value

Answer 1

The answer is 1 m/s toward the shuttle.

In physics, conservation means that the initial and final values are equivalent. This implies that a system's total starting and total final momentums will be identical in terms of momentum. The force acting on an item will always be equal to the change in the object's momentum over time, according to Newton's second law.

Therefore, initial momentum = final momentum

                               Pi           =         Pf

                           100*2         =        20*6+80*v

                            200           =         120+80*v

                          200-120      =          80*v

                              80           =          80*v

                               1            =           v

                               v            =           1 m/s

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