Question

What is the necessary voltage to power the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride?

Answer 1

4V  is the necessary voltage to power the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride.

To create sodium metal and chlorine gas, molten (liquid) sodium chloride can be electrolyzed. A Down's cell is the name of the electrolytic cell utilised in the procedure. The liquid sodium ions in a Down's cell are converted to liquid sodium metal at the cathode. Liquid chlorine ions are oxidised to chlorine gas at the anode. Below is an illustration of the reactions and cell potentials:

oxidation: $2Cl^{-} (l)$ → $Cl_{2} (g)$ + $2e^{-}$                                  E°= -1.36V

reduction: $Na^{+} (l) + e^{-}$ → $Na (l)$                                    E°= -2.71V

overall : $2Na^{+} (l) + 2Cl^{-} (l)$ → $2Na(l) +Cl_{2} (g)$              E°$_{cell}$ = -4.07V

For this electrolysis to take place, the battery needs to supply more than 4 volts. The only means to obtain pure sodium metal is by this reaction, which also serves as a significant source of chlorine gas generation. Swimming pools and other surfaces are frequently cleaned and disinfected with chlorine gas.

Learn more about sodium chloride here;

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