how did the boiling point of plain water compare to that of water with salt? Compared to water with sugar?

Chemistry

1 answer:

elixir [45]2 years ago

7 0

The boiling point of plain water is less than the boiling point of both salt and sugar water.

<h3>What is boiling point?</h3>

Boiling point can be defined as the point when the pressure exerted by the surroundings upon a liquid is equal to the pressure exerted by the vapour of the liquid.

The boiling point of plain water is 100°C which increases upon addition of solute substances such as salt and sugar.

But salts are usually made up of ionic bonds while sugar are made up of covalent bonds. This means that more energy would be required to boil salt solution due to its ionic bonds.

Therefore, the boiling point of salt water is highest following sugar water before plain water which is the lowest.

Learn more boiling point here:

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Answers:

1. 3-ethyl-3-methylheptane; 2. 2,2,3,3-tetramethylpentane; 3. hexa-2,4-diene.

Explanation:

Structure 1

Identify and name the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms (the main chain has 7 C; ∴ base name = heptane).
Identify and name all the substituents [a 1C substituent (methyl) and a 2C substituent (methyl).
Number the main chain from the end closest to a substituent.
Identify the substituents by the number of the C atom on the main chain. Use hyphens between letters and numbers (3-methyl, 3-ethyl).
Put the names of the substituents in alphabetical order in front of the base name with no spaces (3-ethyl-3-methylheptane)

Structure 2

5C. Base name = pentane
Four methyl groups.
Number from the left-hand end.
If there is more than one substituent of the same type, identify each substituent by its locating number and use a multiplying prefix to show the number of each substituent. Use commas between numbers (2,2,3,3-tetramethyl).
The name is 2,2,3,3-tetramethylpentane.

Structure 3

Identify and name the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms that passes through as many double bonds as possible. Drop the -ne ending of the alkane to get the root name hexa-.
(No substituents).
Number the main chain from the end closest to a double bond.
If there is more than one double bond use a multiplying prefix to indicate the number of double bonds (two double bonds = diene) and use the smaller of the two numbers of the C=C atoms as the double bond locators (2,4-diene)
Put the functional group name at the end of the root name (hexa-2,4-diene).

Note: The name 2,4-hexadiene is acceptable, but the Preferred IUPAC Name puts the locating numbers as close as possible in front of the groups they locate.