Question

If the nuclide has a half-life of eight days, what mass of the nuclide remains in the patient at 6:00 p.m. the next day? (assume no excretion of the nuclide from the body.)

Answer 1

half life = 8.0 days = 8 * 24 = 192 hr

we know,

half life = 0.693 / K

192 hr = 0.693 / K

K = 3.609 * 10^-3 hr-1

time from 8.00 AM to next day 10.00 pM = 38 hr

Now,

ln (I0 / I) = K * t or

ln (1.6 / I) = 3.609 * 10^-3 * 38 or

I = 1.39 ug

mass of the nuclide remains in the patient = 1.39 ug

We know that half life = 0.693 / K  

                       Half life = 8.0 days (8 ×24)

                   192 hours = 0.693 / K

Consequently, 32 hours pass between 8 AM to 6 PM the following day.

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Which nuclide has the longest and shortest half life time?

• Bismuth-209 (209Bi), a radioisotope of bismuth, has the longest half-life of any radioisotope that undergoes -decay that is currently known (alpha decay). Currently, gold is the heaviest stable monoisotopic element, while lead-208 is the heaviest stable nucleus.
• Fluorine (9F) has 18 known isotopes, with ages ranging from 13 to 18.
• Fluorine is a monoisotopic and mononuclidic element since only fluorine-19 is stable and is present in nature in amounts greater than trace amounts.
• Due to 209Bi's extraordinarily long half-life, it is still possible to treat it as if it were non-radioactive for practically all purposes. It poses a negligible radiation risk because its radioactivity is far lower than that of human flesh.
• The longest half-life of any radionuclide to have been experimentally identified is that of tellurium-128 (128Te), whose half-life is projected to be 7.7 1024 years through double decay. However, 209Bi still holds the record for alpha decay (double beta decay).

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