The general formula to calculate the work is:

where F is the force, d is the displacement of the couch, and
is the angle between the direction of the force and the displacement. Let's apply this formula to the different parts of the problem.
(a) Work done by you: in this case, the force applied is parallel to the displacement of the couch, so
and
, therefore the work is just equal to the product between the horizontal force you apply to push the couch and the distance the couch has been moved:

(b) work done by the frictional force: the frictional force has opposite direction to the displacement, therefore
and
. Therefore, we must include a negative sign when we calculate the work done by the frictional force:

(c) The work done by gravity is zero. In fact, gravity (which points downwards) is perpendicular to the displacement of the couch (which is horizontal), therefore
and
: this means
.
(d) Work done by the net force:
The net force is the difference between the horizontal force applied by you and the frictional force:

And the net force is in the same direction of the displacement, so
and
and the work done is

Sound waves are longitudal waves meaning they go back and forth
Answer and Explanation: To know how much tape he will need, we have to calculate the perimeter of each parallelogram-shaped stripe.
Perimeter is the sum of all the sides of a figure.
For a parallelogram:
P = 2*length + 2*width
So, we need to determine width and length of the stripe.
Width is 3 inches. Length is the hypotenuse of the right triangle, whose sides are 6 and 18 inches. Then, length is


h = 19 in
Perimeter of the first stripe is
P = (2*19) + (2*3)
P = 44 inches
The hazard sign has 3 stripes. So total perimeter is
44 + 44 + 44
132 inches
To outline the parallelogram-shaped stripes, Charles need a total of 132 inches of tape. Since one roll has 144 inches, he will have enough tape to finish the job.