This is a heliocentric system. Heliocentric means "sun at the center" The name Helio- is from Helios, the Greek name for the Sun. (This is where we get the name of helium, which is made in the sun.) Geocentric means "Earth at the center", which is the original thought of how the solar system was arranged, but is not shown in the picture.
It shows the heliocentric idea of the solar system. In this view, the sun is at the center of the solar system with planets orbiting around it. In the geocentric view, the earth is at the center of the solar system.
When your velocity is constant, the net force acting on you is 0. That means the upwards force of air resistance must fully balance the downwards force of gravity on you, which is Mg.
