DO NOT CLICK THE LINK THE OTHER PERSON COMMENTED PLS
Dipole moment can be defined as the product of magnitude of charge and the distance of separation between the charges. A dipole exists when two or more atoms with different electronegativities are bonded together to form a molecule. The resulting unequal sharing of electrons leads to a molecule with a net positive and a net negative end. Hence the molecule is said polar.
Bonds between carbon and oxygen (C=O) are more polar but carbon dioxide (CO2) does not exhibits a dipole moment because CO2 is a linear molecule and the charge is equally distributed amongst the entire molecule. When molecules have an even charge distribution then there is no dipole moment and the molecule is said to be non-polar. CO2 is a linear molecule, so the dipoles are symmetrical and are equal in magnitude but point in opposite directions so they cancel out each other effect and we get net dipole moment zero.
On the other hand sulfur dioxide (SO2) exhibits a dipole moment because unlike CO2 molecule SO2 is not a linear molecule because of the presence of lone pair on Sulfur (S) atom , the geometry of SO2 is bent. This bent orientation of the oxygen's with respect to the sulfur results in the uneven distribution of positive and negative charges between the sulfur atom and the two oxygen atoms in the diagonal-shaped sulfur dioxide molecule. So the dipoles are not equal in magnitude and they do not cancel out and SO2 molecule exhibit a net dipole moment.
NOTE: If the molecule is linear, the dipoles are equal and exactly opposite in direction, so like a perfectly equal tug-of-war, they cancel each other out, and there is no net dipole in the molecule.
CO2 (linear molecule) = The dipoles are equal and exactly opposite in direction. They cancel each other out, and there is no net dipole in the molecule.
SO2 ( bent shape not linear) = Their is an uneven distribution of positive and negative charges between the sulfur atom and the two oxygen atoms. Dipoles are not equal in magnitude and they do not cancel out and SO2 molecule exhibit a net dipole moment.
Question 4: C-An element is a substance made up of two or more different types of atoms that
are not chemically combined.
Question 5: Coke, Aluminum foil, chicken noodle soup, Gatorade
C. The maximum energy required to move one electron to the valence shell.
Answer : 50 electrons are needed to fill all five subshells
Explanation :
To move from Rn to Og, we need to fill 4 subshells which are s, p d & f.
The maximum number of electrons that can be added to each orbital are given below.
s = 2 e⁻
p = 6 e⁻
d = 10 e⁻
f = 14 e⁻
If we add all these electrons, we get 2 + 6 + 10 + 14 = 32 electrons.
We need to add 32 electrons to the atomic number of Rn to get the atomic number of Og.
Hence we say that the atomic numbers of 6th and 7th period elements of the same group differ by 32.
To go from Og to the next noble gas, we have to theoretically fill 5 subshells.
The maximum electrons that can be added to g orbital are 18.
Therefore in order to go from Og to next element, we would add
2 + 6 + 10 + 14 + 18 = 50 electrons.
50 electrons are needed to fill all five subshells.