Question

What can happen if you completely fill a bottle with water and put it in a freezer?Give the bonds in play responsible for this effect and all the associated physico-chemical parameters

Answer 1

Answer: if we put a glass bottle completely filled with water in the freezer it can explode.

Explanation:

Most liquids contract as they are cooled, the molecules are moving slower, they can't defeat the intermolecular forces. These intermolecular forces become stronger and when they reach the freezing point they solidify. They are usually tightly packed in a crystalline structure.

Water has a weird behaviour. A water molecule is composed of two atoms of H and one atom of O. The great difference in electronegativity between H and O is what makes the molecule polar. And two molecules of water are attracted together because of what we call hydrogen bonding.

Hydrogen bonding is a special type of dipole-dipole attraction between molecules. This hydrogen bonding tendency gets stronger as the temperature gets lower.

When water freezes, its molecules get arranged in a cystalline structure that has a defined shape. The ice structure is completely hydrogen bonded, and these bonds force the crystalline structure to be very "open". This structure is less dense than liquid water (ice floats in liquid water). There are gaps between the molecules in the crystalline structure, the volume increases and the water expands.