Which of the following statements explains why atoms are always neutral in charge

Chemistry

1 answer:

laila [671]1 year ago

6 0

Answer:

D. They have the same number of protons as electrons.

Explanation:

Protons are found in the nucleus of the atom and have a positive charge while electrons orbit around the nucleus and have a negative charge. Usually, in a neutral atom of an element, the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons. This is why the atom has no charge because the positive and negative charges cancel out. When an atom loses an electron its charge turns positive while when it gains an electron its charge turns negative.

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Combustion of 25.0 g of a hydrocarbon produces 86.5 g of co2. what is the empirical formula of the compound?

Step2247 [10]

Combustion is a reaction between a combustible substance and oxygen, to ultimately produce carbon dioxide and water. Reaction between carbon and oxygen would give,

C + O2 ------> CO2

Here, we have 86.5 grams of carbon dioxide, CO2, which is a product of combustion. Dividing this mass by the molar mass of CO2, which is 44 grams, we can determine the number of moles of CO2.

<u> 86.5 g CO </u> = 1.966 moles CO2
44 g CO2/ mole

Considering that CO2 is composed of 1 mole of carbon and 2 moles of oxygen, and that with complete combustion, 1 mole of carbon reacts to produces 1 mole of CO2, we can then determine the mass of the carbon in the hydrocarbon fuel.

1.966 moles CO2 x <u> 1 mole C </u> x <u> </u><u>12 g C </u> = 23.59 g C
1 mole CO2 1 mole C

We were given 25.0 grams of the fuel hydrocarbon. A hydrocarbon is a substance consisting of carbon and hydrogen. To determine the mass of the hydrogen in the fuel, we simply subtract 23.59 grams from 25.0 grams.

25.0 g - 23.59 g = 1.41 grams Hydrogen

To know the number of moles of hydrogen, we divide the mass of the hydrogen in the fuel by the molar mass of hydrogen, which is 1.01 g/mole. Thus, we have 1.396 mole hydrogen.

To determine the empirical formula, we divide the number of moles carbon by the number of moles hydrogen, and find a factor that would give whole number ratios for the carbon and hydrogen in the fuel,

Carbon: <u> 1.966 mol </u> = 1.408 x 5 (factor) = 7
1.396 mol

Hydrogen: <u> 1.396 mol </u> = 1.00 x 5 (factor) = 5
1.396 mol

Thus, the empirical formula is C7H5

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.. ..

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