Answer:
The paper focuses on the biology of stress and resilience and their biomarkers in humans from the system science perspective. A stressor pushes the physiological system away from its baseline state toward a lower utility state. The physiological system may return toward the original state in one attractor basin but may be shifted to a state in another, lower utility attractor basin. While some physiological changes induced by stressors may benefit health, there is often a chronic wear and tear cost due to implementing changes to enable the return of the system to its baseline state and maintain itself in the high utility baseline attractor basin following repeated perturbations. This cost, also called allostatic load, is the utility reduction associated with both a change in state and with alterations in the attractor basin that affect system responses following future perturbations. This added cost can increase the time course of the return to baseline or the likelihood of moving into a different attractor basin following a perturbation. Opposite to this is the system's resilience which influences its ability to return to the high utility attractor basin following a perturbation by increasing the likelihood and/or speed of returning to the baseline state following a stressor. This review paper is a qualitative systematic review; it covers areas most relevant for moving the stress and resilience field forward from a more quantitative and neuroscientific perspective.
Explanation:
Answer:
Flash flooding or ongoing heavy rain can be precursors to landslides, mud/debris flows, and even rockfalls. ... Rockfalls are often caused by erosion of earth around larger rocks that then become loose and fall. Earthquakes can also lead to landslides and rockfalls.
Explanation:
Answer: 
,
Explanation:
Given
Missile velocity raises from 0 to 
Time taken 
Convert velocity into m/s
Acceleration is the change of velocity w.r.t time
In terms of gravity, it is
Therefore, acceleration in terms of g is
