Which element has chemical properties that are most similar to the chemical properties of fluorine

What type of hybrid orbitals are utilized by carbon in anthracene?

sineoko [7]

Answer: Anthracene is a solid polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) which has the formula as C14H10, consisting of three fused benzene rings. It is a component of coal tar. Anthracene is used in the production of the red dye alizarin and other dyes.

7 0

3 years ago

In glycolysis, if glucose is labeled at the carbon 6 position (see page 1 for numbering of carbons in glucose) A) the carbon wit

Oliga [24]

Answer:

D) the carbon with the low-energy phosphate on it in 1,3 BPG is labeled.

Explanation:

Glycolysis has 2 phase (1) preparatory phase (2) pay-off phase.

(1) Preparatory phase

During preparatory phase glucose is converted into fructose-1,6-bisphosphate. Till this time the carbon numbering remains the same i.e. if we will label carbon at 6th position of glucose, its position will remian the same in fructose-1,6-bisphosphate that means the labeled carbon will still remain at 6th position.

When fructose-1,6-bisphosphate is further catalyzed with the help of enzyme aldolase it is cleaved into two 3 carbon intermediates which are glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (GAP) and dihyroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP). In this conversion, the first three carbons of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate become carbons of DHAP while the last three carbons of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate will become carbons of GAP. It simply means that GAP will acquire the last carbon of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate which is labeled. Now the last carbon of GAP which has phosphate will be labeled.

(2) Pay-off phase

During this phase, GAP is dehydrogenated into 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate (BPG) with the help of enzyme glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. This oxidation is coupled to phosphorylation of C1 of GAP and this is the reason why 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate has phosphates at 2 positions i.e. at position 1 in which phosphate is newly added and position 3rd which already had labeled carbon.

It is pertinent to mention here that BPG has a mixed anhydride and the bond at C1 is a very high energy bond. In the next step, this high energy bond is hydrolyzed into a carboxylic acid with the help of enzyme phosphoglycerate kinase and the final product is 3-phosphoglycerate. Hence, the carbon with low energy phosphate i.e. the carbon at 3rd position remains labeled.

3 0

3 years ago

A chemist wants to extract copper metal from copper chloride solution. The chemist places 0.50 grams of aluminum foil in a solut

Irina-Kira [14]

Answer:

Approximately 0.36 grams, because copper (II) chloride acts as a limiting reactant.

Explanation:

It is a stichiometry problem.

We should write the balance equation of the mentioned chemical reaction:

2Al + 3CuCl₂ → 3Cu + 2AlCl₃.

It is clear that 2.0 moles of Al foil reacts with 3.0 moles of CuCl₂ to produce 3.0 moles of Cu metal and 2.0 moles of AlCl₃.

Also, we need to calculate the number of moles of the reported masses of Al foil (0.50 g) and CuCl₂ (0.75 g) using the relation:

n = mass / molar mass

The no. of moles of Al foil = mass / atomic mass = (0.50 g) / (26.98 g/mol) = 0.0185 mol.

The no. of moles of CuCl₂ = mass / molar mass = (0.75 g) / (134.45 g/mol) = 5.578 x 10⁻³ mol.

From the stichiometry Al foil reacts with CuCl₂ with a ratio of 2:3.

∴ 3.85 x 10⁻³ mol of Al foil reacts completely with 5.578 x 10⁻³ mol of CuCl₂ with (2:3) ratio and CuCl₂ is the limiting reactant while Al foil is in excess.

From the stichiometry 3.0 moles of CuCl₂ will produce the same no. of moles of copper metal (3.0 moles).
So, this reaction will produce 5.578 x 10⁻³ mol of copper metal.
Finally, we can calculate the mass of copper produced using:

mass of Cu = no. of moles x Atomic mass of Cu = (5.578 x 10⁻³ mol)(63.546 g/mol) = 0.354459 g ≅ 0.36 g.