Answer:
A scientific problem is something you don't understand but you can do an experiment to help you understand. Scientific problems are usually based on observation of scientific phenomena. Here is some advice to help you identify a scientific problem you can address by designing your own experiment.
Explanation:
Example of a scientific problem are Clean Drinking Water.
I would agree with the second one, not the first. You can't always see the chemical reaction, and it isn't always sudden. But the second claim is true.
Answer:
599.26 grams of potassium sulfate will be produced.
Explanation:

Moles of chromium (III) sulfate = 
According to reaction, 1 mole of chromium (III) sulfate gives 3 moles of potassium sulfate.
Then 1.1480 moles of chromium (III) sulfate will give:

Mass of 3.4440 moles of potassium sulfate:
= 3.4440 mol × 174 g/mol = 599.26 g
599.26 grams of potassium sulfate will be produced.