<u>Answer: </u>The correct answer is Option D.
<u>Explanation:</u>
Unstable isotopes are defined as the isotopes which have excess of neutrons as compared to the stable form of the nucleus of an atom.
These isotopes attain stability by undergoing a spontaneous nuclear decay. The isotopes which are unstable have another name and are known as radioactive isotopes or radioisotopes.
These isotopes undergoes decay by 4 processes: Alpha decay, beta decay, gamma emission and positron decay.
Hence, the correct answer is option D.
Answer:
ΔG for the given system is 28.421 kJ. The system is non spontaneous.
Explanation:
ΔH = 147 kJ =147,000 J= Enthalpy of the system
ΔS = -67.0 J/K = Entropy change
T = 149 °C = 422.15 K = Temperature of the system
((T)°C=273.15 +T K)
ΔG = Gibbs free energy ?
The Gibbs free energy 's expression is given by:
ΔG = ΔH - T ΔS
- ΔG > 0 , non spontaneous
- ΔG < 0, spontaneous
ΔG = 28,421 J = 28.421 kJ
Since, value of Gibbs free energy is positive this means that reaction is non spontaneous.
Answer:
endothermic reaction
Explanation:
It simply means that you are witnessing<u> an endothermic reaction</u>.
An endothermic reaction is one that absorbs heat energy from its surrounding, thereby leaving the reaction vessel with a lower temperature as compared to before the reaction.
It is as opposed to exothermic reactions which are reactions that give off energy in the form of heat to the surrounding, thereby leaving a reaction vessel warmer than before the reaction.
<em>In this case, the formation of ice crystals outside the test tube means that heat energy has been absorbed by the reaction which leaves the vessel a temperature cold enough to activate the formation of ice. </em>
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Answer: Bromide is many orders of magnitude better than fluoride in leaving group ability
Explanation:
As Size of an atom Increases, the Basicity Decreases this is because if we move downwards from the top of the periodic table to the bottom of the periodic table, the size of an atom increases. As size increases, basicity will decrease, meaning the element will be less likely to act as a base implying that the element will be less likely to share its electrons.
in the same vein. With an increase in size, basicity decreases, making the ability of the leaving group to leave increase to increase . This can be seen in the halogens going down the group from
F--- worst
Cl----fair
Br ----good
I-----excellent
with fluorine having the worst ability to leave than Bromine which is better in terms of the leaving group ability.
